35
•
(AR) The draft resolution on the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic
of Iran (document A/55/602/Add.3) was adopted by a recorded vote of 67 in
favour to 54 against, with 46 abstentions.
This would have been defeated outright under all three vote allocation systems.
•
(AS) The draft resolution on the situation of human rights in the Sudan (document
A/55/602/Add.3) was adopted by a recorded vote of 85 in favour to 32 against,
with 49 abstentions.
This would have been defeated outright under all three vote allocation systems.
1
The phrase is often attributed to Secretary of State Madeline Albright.
2
For one assessment of the impact of these events on UN credibility see, The Economist, “UN’s Mission
Impossible” excerpted in Richard Mansbach and Edwards Rhodes, eds., Global Politics in a Changing
World: A Reader, 2
nd
edition (Houghton Mifflin: Boston, 2003) pp. 168-172.
3
For one discussion of potential Security Council reforms see, J. Martin Rochester, Between Two Epochs:
What’s Ahead for America, the World, and Global Politics in the Twenty-First Century? (Prentice Hall:
New Jersey, 2002) pp. 246-254. For suggestions about building a human centered UN, see, Thomas Weiss,
David Forsythe, and Roger Coate, The United Nations and Changing World Politics, 2
nd
edition
(Westview: Boulder, 1997) especially Chapter 10 pp. 246-264.
4
Warren Hoge, “U.N. Report Urges Big Changes; Security Council Would Expand” New York Times,
December 1, 2004.
5
For one treatment of this topic see, “Intergovernmental Organizations and Transsovereign Problems: The
New Battleground,” in Maryann Cusimano Love, ed., Beyond Sovereignty: Issues for a Global Agenda, 2
nd
edtion (Thomson/Wadsworth: Australia, 2003.)
6
This sentiment can be seen in John Mearsheimer, The Tragedy of Great Power Politics (W.W. Norton:
New York, 2001) pp. 392-396.
7
Maurice Schiff and L. Alan Winters, Regional Integration and Development (The World Bank:
Washington, DC, 2003) especially Chapter 1 pp. 1-30.
8
Sheila Page, Regionalism Among Developing Countries (St. Martin’s: New York, 2000) especially Ch. 10
pp. 209-249.
9
For a view of regionalism supporting global cooperation, see C. Fred Bergsten “A Renaissance for U.S.
Trade Policy” Foreign Affairs November/December 2002, and for a view of regionalism as an impediment
to global cooperation, see Bernard K. Gordon “A High-Risk Trade Policy” Foreign Policy July/August
2003. Both are reprinted in James F. Hoge, Jr. and Gideon Rose, eds., American Foreign Policy: Cases
and Choices (Foreign Affairs: New York, 2003.)
10
Samuel Huntington, “The Clash of Civilizations?” Foreign Affairs Summer, 1993.
11
This section focuses on the Global Directorate only. Regional members will be free to determine their
own decision-making procedures.
12
http://www.unescap.org/
13
http://www.unhchr.ch/pdf/report.pdf
14
http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/org6_e.htm
15
http://www.icbl.org/ratification/
16
http://www.un.org/Depts/los/reference_files/status2003.pdf
17
http://www.mct.gov.br/clima/ingles/quioto/signata.htm
18
http://faculty.winthrop.edu/haynese/_index.html
19
http://www.oas.org/
20
http://www.africa-union.org/
21
http://europa.eu.int/abc/index_en.htm
22
http://www.un.org/Depts/dhl/resguide/gares1.htm
Convention