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Democracy and Environment: The Effect of Democratization on Environment Outcomes in Asia
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Paper prepared for presentation at the 2005 annual meetings of the MPSA
Chicago, IL.
April 7-10.
Democracy and the Environment:
The Effect of Democratization on Environmental Outcomes
in Asian Countries
Yongjin Chang
Ph.D. Student
Department of Public Administration
The American University
Email:
## email not listed ##
Taejun Cho
Ph.D. Student
Department of Public Administration and Policy
State University of New York at Albany
Email:
## email not listed ##
Abstract This study examines how democracy affects a country’s environmental conditions in Asian countries. We have both perspectives, including positive and negative ones, to explain the democratic effect on the environment. Empirically, many studies also show different results. There is no uniform agreement about the relationship between democracy and environment. This study tries to find a relationship between democracy and environment in Asian countries by using time series (from 1991-2001) and cross-national comparisons (27 countries). Democracy, the independent variable, is measured by political rights and civil liberties. Carbon dioxide damage, CO
2
emissions, energy depletion, and net forest depletion are used as the dependent
variables to show the environmental situations in a country. After regression analysis with panel data, we found that all four dependent variables have positive relationships with democracy. It means that democratization in Asian countries might have negative influence for environmental conditions. However, the coefficients of carbon dioxide damage and net forest depletion are statistically significant at 95% confidence level. The coefficients of CO
2
emissions and energy
depletion are not statistically significant at p > .05.
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| | Authors: Chang, Yongjin. and Cho, Taejun. |
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Paper prepared for presentation at the 2005 annual meetings of the MPSA
Chicago, IL.
April 7-10.
Democracy and the Environment:
The Effect of Democratization on Environmental Outcomes
in Asian Countries
Yongjin Chang
Ph.D. Student
Department of Public Administration
The American University
Email:
## email not listed ##
Taejun Cho
Ph.D. Student
Department of Public Administration and Policy
State University of New York at Albany
Email:
## email not listed ##
Abstract
This study examines how democracy affects a country’s environmental conditions in Asian
countries. We have both perspectives, including positive and negative ones, to explain the
democratic effect on the environment. Empirically, many studies also show different results.
There is no uniform agreement about the relationship between democracy and environment.
This study tries to find a relationship between democracy and environment in Asian countries by
using time series (from 1991-2001) and cross-national comparisons (27 countries). Democracy,
the independent variable, is measured by political rights and civil liberties. Carbon dioxide
damage, CO
2
emissions, energy depletion, and net forest depletion are used as the dependent
variables to show the environmental situations in a country. After regression analysis with panel
data, we found that all four dependent variables have positive relationships with democracy. It
means that democratization in Asian countries might have negative influence for environmental
conditions. However, the coefficients of carbon dioxide damage and net forest depletion are
statistically significant at 95% confidence level. The coefficients of CO
2
emissions and energy
depletion are not statistically significant at p > .05.
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