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responded to the attractive salaries associated with overseas employment. This led to the rapid
expansion of the private tertiary educational system during this period since higher education
increased one’s chances of overseas employment. This also opened the door for new business
ventures in the migration industry to flourish. During this period, the private market responded
to labor export with private recruitment agencies and remittance businesses emerging throughout
the Philippines. The final section will bring all of these pieces together by arguing that despite
the state’s weak control of the private educational system and the economy, the development of
labor export institutions was a source of strength since it was able to create new jobs and an
entire migration industry.