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Sex, Party, and the Representation of Women
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| | Unformatted Document Text:
S
EX
,
P
ARTY
,
AND THE
R
EPRESENTATION OF
W
OMEN
Abstract
We examine the relative representation of men and women as reflected in the roll
call votes cast by members of the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate. We do so by assessing the proximity of men’s and women’s preferences to their members’ overall patterns of roll call voting and by comparing the preferences of men and women in particular issue domains to their representatives’ votes in those domains. When represented by men, male constituents’ views are somewhat better reflected in roll call voting than are female constituents’ preferences, but the reverse is true for constituents represented by women. Party registers an even greater impact than does the sex of the Member of Congress. Republicans represent men better than women, but Democrats represent women better than men. Combining both party and sex effects, we find that descriptive representation improves the relative influence of women represented by Republicans, but makes little difference when gender groups are represented by Democrats. Such is the impact of party effects that our analysis suggests that women tend to be better represented by a male Democrat than they are by a female Republican.
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| | Authors: Griffin, John., Newman, Brian. and Wolbrecht, Christina. |
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S
EX
,
P
ARTY
,
AND THE
R
EPRESENTATION OF
W
OMEN
Abstract
We examine the relative representation of men and women as reflected in the roll
call votes cast by members of the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate. We do so
by assessing the proximity of men’s and women’s preferences to their members’ overall
patterns of roll call voting and by comparing the preferences of men and women in
particular issue domains to their representatives’ votes in those domains. When
represented by men, male constituents’ views are somewhat better reflected in roll call
voting than are female constituents’ preferences, but the reverse is true for constituents
represented by women. Party registers an even greater impact than does the sex of the
Member of Congress. Republicans represent men better than women, but Democrats
represent women better than men. Combining both party and sex effects, we find that
descriptive representation improves the relative influence of women represented by
Republicans, but makes little difference when gender groups are represented by
Democrats. Such is the impact of party effects that our analysis suggests that women
tend to be better represented by a male Democrat than they are by a female Republican.
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