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Marriage, Work, Race, and the Politics of Parenthood
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Abstract
According to 2004 exit polls, married persons voted for Bush by a margin of 17 percentage points over unmarried voters. Pundits and scholars alike have assumed that parents are a major conservative force behind the marriage gap. Yet, our prior research demonstrated that mothers are not more conservative than non-mothers, and are, in fact, more liberal on many issues, while fatherhood appears to be of limited importance. The central question this paper tackles is how does the marriage gap interact with the parent gap? Is the conservative effect of marriage on women’s political dispositions more powerful than the liberal effect of parenthood? Is it actually marriage that makes men more conservative – or parenthood – or both? Finally, how are the effects of parenthood mediated by race and women’s work status? To answer these questions we use General Social Survey data from 2000 through 2004 to assess the impact of marital status, race, work and parenthood on vote choice, social welfare and values attitudes. We find that both marriage and parenthood are politically significant forces but their impacts are complex, varying in ideological direction and magnitude depending on sex, race, and issue domain.
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| | Authors: Elder, Laurel. and Greene, Steven. |
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Abstract
According to 2004 exit polls, married persons voted for Bush by a margin of 17
percentage points over unmarried voters. Pundits and scholars alike have assumed that
parents are a major conservative force behind the marriage gap. Yet, our prior research
demonstrated that mothers are not more conservative than non-mothers, and are, in fact,
more liberal on many issues, while fatherhood appears to be of limited importance. The
central question this paper tackles is how does the marriage gap interact with the parent
gap? Is the conservative effect of marriage on women’s political dispositions more
powerful than the liberal effect of parenthood? Is it actually marriage that makes men
more conservative – or parenthood – or both? Finally, how are the effects of parenthood
mediated by race and women’s work status? To answer these questions we use General
Social Survey data from 2000 through 2004 to assess the impact of marital status, race,
work and parenthood on vote choice, social welfare and values attitudes. We find that
both marriage and parenthood are politically significant forces but their impacts are
complex, varying in ideological direction and magnitude depending on sex, race, and
issue domain.
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