Irish neutrality and the Development of the
European Union’s Security and Defence
Policy under the Lisbon Treaty: Compatible or
Competing Foreign Policy Agendas?
Karen Devine
IRCHSS Postdoctoral Research Fellow
Centre for International Studies
School of Law and Government
Dublin City University
Paper prepared for delivery to the Annual Conference of the International Studies Association
(ISA) New York City, 15-18 February 2009.
Draft Paper:
Please do not cite without prior permission from the author – comments are most welcome
Abstract
The paper examines elite and public discourses on neutrality and the European Union’s Common
Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)/European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) in Ireland to
establish the content of the concepts of neutrality operating at the level of the elite and at the
level of the public. The paper finds divergences in public and elite concepts of neutrality that
give rise to competing foreign policy agendas. In parallel with security and defence policy
developments in successive EU Treaties, many argue that the meaning of neutrality has been
reconceptualised by elites in Ireland (and by elites in other EU ‘neutral’ member states) to the
point of irrelevance and inevitable demise. This paper will critically assess whether public and
government neutrality concepts are incompatible with or complementary to the ESDP envisaged
under the Nice and Lisbon Treaties. Whilst elites argue that [their ‘military’ concept of]
neutrality is plausible under the Lisbon Treaty, the paper concludes that the public, ‘active’
concept of neutrality is incompatible with the ESDP envisaged under the Lisbon Treaty and that
the government discourse claiming ‘military neutrality’ is safeguarded is implausible. The paper
draws further conclusions on the future role of neutrality both inside and outside of the EU’s
ESDP.
Introduction
The research question of this paper concerns fundamental contradictions between Irish neutrality
and the development of the European Union’s “European Security and Defence Policy”, up to
and including the new “Common Security and Defence Policy” provisions laid out in the Lisbon
Treaty. The paper uses a discourse approach to incorporate the political context of EU security
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