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A Spatial and Community Level Analysis of Police Stops involving Black, White, and Hispanic Drivers

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Abstract:

Examining the spatial and contextual features of race and ethnic-specific stop rates, this paper combines structural indicators of urban disadvantage and social disorganization with citizen-police contact data on more than 61,000 police stops in the Miami-Dade area. While the existing racial profiling literature tends to vary greatly in scope and analytical strategy, research that takes into account spatial dynamics coupled with neighborhood characteristics when examining police stop rates has yet to be offered. Furthermore, given the race and ethnic diversity of the Miami-Dade communities, we assess the often neglected issue of police stops involving Hispanic drivers, in addition to those of whites and African Americans. Our spatial analysis, which allows us to account empirically for the theoretical likelihood that what occurs in one neighborhood is influenced by nearby neighborhoods, reveals differences in spatial clustering of stops involving race and ethnic groups. Using spatial multivariate regression, analyses further reveals that the racial composition and community levels of social disorganization are predictive of race and ethnic based stop rates, when controlling for predictors of police behavior such as misconduct and violent crime rates. Our results show the importance of spatial analysis to understanding the race and ethnic disparities in police stops at the macro-level.

Most Common Document Word Stems:

polic (201), stop (197), rate (175), spatial (118), hispan (93), race (90), white (90), black (88), social (75), neighborhood (71), analysi (71), racial (69), ethnic (62), area (58), indic (56), disadvantag (52), urban (51), crime (51), offic (47), level (46), research (43),

Author's Keywords:

race, ethnicity, police stops, spatial analysis, community level analysis
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Name: American Sociological Association
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MLA Citation:

Parker, Karen., Lane, Erin. and Stults, Brian. "A Spatial and Community Level Analysis of Police Stops involving Black, White, and Hispanic Drivers" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, TBA, New York, New York City, Aug 11, 2007 <Not Available>. 2008-12-11 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p174725_index.html>

APA Citation:

Parker, K. F., Lane, E. C. and Stults, B. J. , 2007-08-11 "A Spatial and Community Level Analysis of Police Stops involving Black, White, and Hispanic Drivers" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, TBA, New York, New York City Online <PDF>. 2008-12-11 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p174725_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Examining the spatial and contextual features of race and ethnic-specific stop rates, this paper combines structural indicators of urban disadvantage and social disorganization with citizen-police contact data on more than 61,000 police stops in the Miami-Dade area. While the existing racial profiling literature tends to vary greatly in scope and analytical strategy, research that takes into account spatial dynamics coupled with neighborhood characteristics when examining police stop rates has yet to be offered. Furthermore, given the race and ethnic diversity of the Miami-Dade communities, we assess the often neglected issue of police stops involving Hispanic drivers, in addition to those of whites and African Americans. Our spatial analysis, which allows us to account empirically for the theoretical likelihood that what occurs in one neighborhood is influenced by nearby neighborhoods, reveals differences in spatial clustering of stops involving race and ethnic groups. Using spatial multivariate regression, analyses further reveals that the racial composition and community levels of social disorganization are predictive of race and ethnic based stop rates, when controlling for predictors of police behavior such as misconduct and violent crime rates. Our results show the importance of spatial analysis to understanding the race and ethnic disparities in police stops at the macro-level.

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Document Type: PDF
Page count: 39
Word count: 10527
Text sample:
A SPATIAL AND COMMUNTIY ANALYSIS OF POLICE STOPS INVOLVING BLACK WHITE AND HISPANIC DRIVERS ABSTRACT Examining the spatial and contextual features of race and ethnic-specific stop rates this paper combines structural indicators of urban disadvantage and social disorganization with citizen- police contact data on more than 61 000 police stops in the Miami-Dade area. While the existing racial profiling literature tends to vary greatly in scope and analytical strategy research that takes into account spatial dynamics coupled with neighborhood
Indicator: Officer Use of Force Rate (log) 4.11 (2.0) 4.11 (2.0) 4.11 (2.0) Control Variables: Violent Rate 46.87 (199.3) 46.87 (199.3) 46.87 (199.3) Arrest Rate (lg) a 1.33 (1.7) 1.25 (1.4) 1.02 (1.2) a % Males in Driving Population 47.47 (7.4) 48.67 (5.5) 47.94 (5.1) Investigative Stop Rate (lg) a .95 (1.5) 1.17 (1.5) .92 (1.3) a denotes indicators are race-specific; white indicators are exclusion of Hispanic origins Spatial Analysis of Police Stop Rates 37 Spatial Analysis of Police


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