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Learning from Mexican-American Women: An exploration of familial and cultural messages received in relation to sex, management of sexual risk, and relationships

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Abstract:

Latina women are at increased risk for sexually transmitted diseases including HIV (CDC, 2005a). In 2005 Hispanic females made up 11% of the female population but accounted for 15% of HIV/AIDS cases among women (CDC, 2005b). Cervical cancer incidences (known to be largely caused by HPV infection) are two times higher for Hispanic women than for non-Hispanic women (CDC, 2002).

While there is wide agreement for the need to understand cultural influences on sexual risk in Latina/o populations, few studies have explored factors related to sexual risk among Latinas. The “Learning from Mexican-American Women Project” aimed to 1) Explore the perception and management of sexual risk in young Mexican American college women from culturally traditional Mexican families, 2) Understand how families socialize their daughters in relation to sexuality and relationships, and 3) Explore what familial and cultural messages they received in relation to sexuality and relationships.

Ten semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with Mexican American college women ages 18-23, who had been sexually active within the past 6 months. Participants were recruited from a program for students from migrant farm-working families in a Midwestern university. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed cross-case and within-case.

Participants varied in their level of sexual risk, however, most did not perceive themselves to be at risk for HIV. Most reported having felt at risk for an STD after a sexual encounter. In relation to sexual socialization, families used several strategies in teaching their daughters about familial and cultural expectations and norms. These included indirect expressions such as through rites of passage (e.g., Quiceaneras) and making examples of others as well as more direct expressions (e.g., “My mom told me just don’t get pregnant”). In relation to familial messages about sexuality, as described in the literature, all participants reported having received what they described as traditional cultural messages about sex and relationships from their parents (e.g., don’t have sex until marriage,). However, some also received specific protective messages, primarily from a female family member (e.g., use condoms). How young women came to understand cultural and familial influences about sex and relationships will be discussed.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2004). HIV/AIDS surveillance report, cases
of HIV infection and AIDS in the United States 2002. Retrieved January 18, 2004
from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/stats/hasr1402.htm.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (2002). Invasive cervical cancer among
Hispanic and non-Hispanic women: 1992-1999. Weekly Journal, MMWR ,
51(47), 1067-1070). Retrieved October 15, 2007 from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5147a2.htm

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2005b). Slide sets. Retrieved July 30, 2007
from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/resources/slides/index.htm.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2005a). STD Surveillance 2005, Special
focus profiles on racial and ethnic minorities. Retrieved October 15, 2007 from
http://www.cdc.gov/std/stats/minorities.htm
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Name: The Association for Women in Psychology
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MLA Citation:

Morales, Mercedes. "Learning from Mexican-American Women: An exploration of familial and cultural messages received in relation to sex, management of sexual risk, and relationships" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the The Association for Women in Psychology, Hilton San Diego - Mission Valley, San Diego, CA, <Not Available>. 2008-12-11 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p230844_index.html>

APA Citation:

Morales, M. M. "Learning from Mexican-American Women: An exploration of familial and cultural messages received in relation to sex, management of sexual risk, and relationships" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the The Association for Women in Psychology, Hilton San Diego - Mission Valley, San Diego, CA <Not Available>. 2008-12-11 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p230844_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Latina women are at increased risk for sexually transmitted diseases including HIV (CDC, 2005a). In 2005 Hispanic females made up 11% of the female population but accounted for 15% of HIV/AIDS cases among women (CDC, 2005b). Cervical cancer incidences (known to be largely caused by HPV infection) are two times higher for Hispanic women than for non-Hispanic women (CDC, 2002).

While there is wide agreement for the need to understand cultural influences on sexual risk in Latina/o populations, few studies have explored factors related to sexual risk among Latinas. The “Learning from Mexican-American Women Project” aimed to 1) Explore the perception and management of sexual risk in young Mexican American college women from culturally traditional Mexican families, 2) Understand how families socialize their daughters in relation to sexuality and relationships, and 3) Explore what familial and cultural messages they received in relation to sexuality and relationships.

Ten semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with Mexican American college women ages 18-23, who had been sexually active within the past 6 months. Participants were recruited from a program for students from migrant farm-working families in a Midwestern university. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed cross-case and within-case.

Participants varied in their level of sexual risk, however, most did not perceive themselves to be at risk for HIV. Most reported having felt at risk for an STD after a sexual encounter. In relation to sexual socialization, families used several strategies in teaching their daughters about familial and cultural expectations and norms. These included indirect expressions such as through rites of passage (e.g., Quiceaneras) and making examples of others as well as more direct expressions (e.g., “My mom told me just don’t get pregnant”). In relation to familial messages about sexuality, as described in the literature, all participants reported having received what they described as traditional cultural messages about sex and relationships from their parents (e.g., don’t have sex until marriage,). However, some also received specific protective messages, primarily from a female family member (e.g., use condoms). How young women came to understand cultural and familial influences about sex and relationships will be discussed.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2004). HIV/AIDS surveillance report, cases
of HIV infection and AIDS in the United States 2002. Retrieved January 18, 2004
from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/stats/hasr1402.htm.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (2002). Invasive cervical cancer among
Hispanic and non-Hispanic women: 1992-1999. Weekly Journal, MMWR ,
51(47), 1067-1070). Retrieved October 15, 2007 from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5147a2.htm

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2005b). Slide sets. Retrieved July 30, 2007
from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/resources/slides/index.htm.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2005a). STD Surveillance 2005, Special
focus profiles on racial and ethnic minorities. Retrieved October 15, 2007 from
http://www.cdc.gov/std/stats/minorities.htm

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