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Slavery Reparations, Affirmative Action, and Implicit Feelings of Closeness towards African-Americans |
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Abstract:
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In a democratic system, the majority can easily exclude the minority, as was the case during slavery and legal segregation in the United States. Yet, both the abolition of slavery, as well as the end of segregation was achieved not only by African American political initiative, but also by the political support of many White Americans. What then may motivate White Americans to support controversial policies on behalf of minorities?
A large body of literature that suggests feelings of closeness may motivate political support for a given group, although research has focused mainly on ingroups. This study investigates feelings of closeness towards African Americans regardless of an individual’s own group membership. To circumvent problems of social desirability, survey questions about feelings (i.e., Explicit Closeness to Blacks) are supplemented with a non-conscious measure of closeness (i.e., Implicit Closeness to Blacks). This reaction time based measure is designed to measure the degree of ‘cognitive overlap’ between the individual’s self-concept and the mental representation of African Americans as a group.
Results of a nationally representative survey on slavery reparations, affirmative action, and other pro-Black policies (n=1,200) are compared to the results of an internet based reaction time study involving a non-probability sample of American adults (n=1,341). Explicit Closeness to Blacks significantly predicts support for slavery reparations and affirmative action in both samples. In the online study, implicit closeness is significantly correlated with explicit closeness but predicts pro-Black policy support even among respondents that would not otherwise admit feeling close to Blacks (i.e., racially conservative Whites). The theoretical and political implications of these findings are discussed. |
Most Common Document Word Stems:
close (148), black (114), white (87), repar (77), group (74), implicit (74), support (70), 1 (70), slaveri (59), explicit (56), racial (55), american (54), measur (54), slave (52), may (51), 2 (50), provid (48), survey (46), sampl (45), question (45), model (44), |
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Association:
Name: MPSA Annual National Conference
URL: http://www.indiana.edu/~mpsa/
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Citation:
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MLA Citation:
| Craemer, Thomas. "Slavery Reparations, Affirmative Action, and Implicit Feelings of Closeness towards African-Americans" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the MPSA Annual National Conference, Palmer House Hotel, Hilton, Chicago, IL, Apr 03, 2008 <Not Available>. 2008-12-10 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p268316_index.html> |
APA Citation:
| Craemer, T. , 2008-04-03 "Slavery Reparations, Affirmative Action, and Implicit Feelings of Closeness towards African-Americans" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the MPSA Annual National Conference, Palmer House Hotel, Hilton, Chicago, IL Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2008-12-10 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p268316_index.html |
Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: In a democratic system, the majority can easily exclude the minority, as was the case during slavery and legal segregation in the United States. Yet, both the abolition of slavery, as well as the end of segregation was achieved not only by African American political initiative, but also by the political support of many White Americans. What then may motivate White Americans to support controversial policies on behalf of minorities?
A large body of literature that suggests feelings of closeness may motivate political support for a given group, although research has focused mainly on ingroups. This study investigates feelings of closeness towards African Americans regardless of an individual’s own group membership. To circumvent problems of social desirability, survey questions about feelings (i.e., Explicit Closeness to Blacks) are supplemented with a non-conscious measure of closeness (i.e., Implicit Closeness to Blacks). This reaction time based measure is designed to measure the degree of ‘cognitive overlap’ between the individual’s self-concept and the mental representation of African Americans as a group.
Results of a nationally representative survey on slavery reparations, affirmative action, and other pro-Black policies (n=1,200) are compared to the results of an internet based reaction time study involving a non-probability sample of American adults (n=1,341). Explicit Closeness to Blacks significantly predicts support for slavery reparations and affirmative action in both samples. In the online study, implicit closeness is significantly correlated with explicit closeness but predicts pro-Black policy support even among respondents that would not otherwise admit feeling close to Blacks (i.e., racially conservative Whites). The theoretical and political implications of these findings are discussed. |
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| Slavery Reparations Affirmative Action and Implicit Feelings of Closeness towards African Americans Thomas Craemer University of Connecticut Department of Public Policy 1800 Asylum Avenue West Hartford CT 06117-2697 Telephone: (860) 570-9344 Fax: (860) 570-9114 e-mail: thomas.craemer@uconn.edu March 24 2008 Abstract. In a democratic system the majority can easily exclude the minority as was the case during slavery and legal segregation in the United States. Yet both the abolition of slavery as well as the end of segregation was achieved |
| 60.878 34.890 p(F) 0.000 0.000 n 1 151 904 Estimation Method: Maximum Likelihood Weighting by raking on gender age group Hispanic ethnicity race education and income in 100 iterations. Missing Information imputed through Multiple Imputation in 10 iterations using Norm Version 2.03. To facilitate comparison of coefficients all variables are rescored to range from zero (minimum) to one (maximum). 39 |
Similar Titles:
Group-Based as well as Individual Feelings of Closeness towards Blacks and Support for Slavery Reparations
Implicit Closeness towards African Americans and Support for Slavery Reparations
Implicit Bias, Implicit Closeness, and Explicit Support for Blacks. Representative Survey and Online-Reaction Time Study
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