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To Each According to Need? The Allocative Power of Local Officials in the Distribution of Forest Land Use Rights to Households in Vietnam

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Abstract:

Vietnam’s forest policy has attempted to engender “community-based” natural resource management by creating private economic incentives for households to sustainably use and protect forest land by allocating them private forest land use rights. The goal of such policies has been to ease the socio-economic marginalization of poor, ethnic minority communities living in remote, mountainous areas while conserving forest resources. Local governments are in charge of allocating these use rights to households. Many scholars argue that, under such circumstances, and without democratic institutions or central oversight to constrain local officials in their allocative power, we should expect forest land use rights to be distributed to households in such a way as to exacerbate existing power distributions in the community, further marginalizing those the policy intended to empower. Thus, the expectation is that, under such circumstances, local officials are not accountable to marginalized groups in their communities. This paper tests this theory by examining how local officials on the edge of Vietnam’s Tam Dao national park allocated forest land use rights to households of different socio-economic and political standing. I argue that, despite a lack of democratic institutions at the local level and little oversight from above, local officials in Vietnam are constrained in their allocative power by the existence of long-standing, community-recognized household property rights over forest land and by community expectations that justice-based claims to land will be fulfilled. This paper thus reexamines the categories of “accountable” and “non-accountable” as they relate to local officials’ responses to socio-economic inequality in their distribution of forest land use rights in Vietnam. In addition, it challenges categories of “powerful” and “powerless” as they have typically characterized community members of various statuses and their ability to affect policy implementation in non-democratic settings.

Most Common Document Word Stems:

forest (255), land (255), household (249), use (169), nation (136), park (124), vietnam (115), right (114), local (107), access (98), polici (82), titl (76), alloc (74), insid (64), communiti (63), resourc (55), offici (54), de (51), organ (50), manag (47), develop (47),

Author's Keywords:

Vietnam, forest, property rights, decentralization, community-based
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Name: APSA 2008 Annual Meeting
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MLA Citation:

Coe, Cari. "To Each According to Need? The Allocative Power of Local Officials in the Distribution of Forest Land Use Rights to Households in Vietnam" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the APSA 2008 Annual Meeting, Hynes Convention Center, Boston, Massachusetts, Aug 28, 2008 <Not Available>. 2008-12-10 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p278618_index.html>

APA Citation:

Coe, C. A. , 2008-08-28 "To Each According to Need? The Allocative Power of Local Officials in the Distribution of Forest Land Use Rights to Households in Vietnam" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the APSA 2008 Annual Meeting, Hynes Convention Center, Boston, Massachusetts Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2008-12-10 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p278618_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Vietnam’s forest policy has attempted to engender “community-based” natural resource management by creating private economic incentives for households to sustainably use and protect forest land by allocating them private forest land use rights. The goal of such policies has been to ease the socio-economic marginalization of poor, ethnic minority communities living in remote, mountainous areas while conserving forest resources. Local governments are in charge of allocating these use rights to households. Many scholars argue that, under such circumstances, and without democratic institutions or central oversight to constrain local officials in their allocative power, we should expect forest land use rights to be distributed to households in such a way as to exacerbate existing power distributions in the community, further marginalizing those the policy intended to empower. Thus, the expectation is that, under such circumstances, local officials are not accountable to marginalized groups in their communities. This paper tests this theory by examining how local officials on the edge of Vietnam’s Tam Dao national park allocated forest land use rights to households of different socio-economic and political standing. I argue that, despite a lack of democratic institutions at the local level and little oversight from above, local officials in Vietnam are constrained in their allocative power by the existence of long-standing, community-recognized household property rights over forest land and by community expectations that justice-based claims to land will be fulfilled. This paper thus reexamines the categories of “accountable” and “non-accountable” as they relate to local officials’ responses to socio-economic inequality in their distribution of forest land use rights in Vietnam. In addition, it challenges categories of “powerful” and “powerless” as they have typically characterized community members of various statuses and their ability to affect policy implementation in non-democratic settings.

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Document Type: application/pdf
Page count: 52
Word count: 14737
Text sample:
To Each According to Need? An Examination of the Allocative Power of Local Officials in the Distribution of Forest Land Use Rights to Households in Vietnam by Cari An Coe Ph.D. UCLA Ciriacy-Wantrup Postdoctoral Fellow UC Berkeley Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association Boston Massachusetts August 28-31 2008 Abstract Vietnam’s forest policy has attempted to engender “community-based” natural resource management by creating private economic incentives for households to sustainably use and protect forest land by allocating them
in Land Reform Policies. Comparative Politics 28(2): 207-224. World Bank. 2007. Projects and Operations. (2007 Aug. 15). --. 2005a. “State Forest Enterprise Reform in Vietnam: Review of Policy and Implementation Framework for Decree 200.” World Bank Technical Note. Online: http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/EAP/eaprural.nsf/40ByDocName/VietnamStateForestEnte rpriseReform/$FILE/SFE+Report-28Nov05.pdf --. 2005b. “Vietnam Forest Sector Development Project.” Online: http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/EAP/eaprural.nsf/40ByDocName/VietnamForestSectorDe velopmentProject 51


Similar Titles:
Explaining Failure in Decentralized Natural Resource Management: How Citizens’ Property Rights Constrain Local Official Implementation of National Forest Policy in Vietnam

Explaining Failure in Decentralized Natural Resource Management: How Citizens’ Property Rights Constrain Local Official Implementation of National Forest Policy in Vietnam


 
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