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What`s the Utility of the Case-Study Method for Social Science Research? A Response to Critiques from the Qualitative/Statistical Perspective

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This paper argues that the discipline's near rejection of the case-study method is based on a restrictive view of the social sciences. Critiques of the case-study method are usually predicated on the assumption that the primary task of social science research is theory-testing (hypothesis-testing). In contrast, I demonstrate the utility of the case-study method for theory-building and theory-elaboration (or theory-reconstruction). I also answer the critics' two main criticisms of the case-study methd- the lack of "internal validity" and the lack of "external validity." The paper argues that the first criticism is only valid if the explicit purpose of analysis is the formal testing of causal relationships or hypotheses. I argue that the "internal validity" of case-study findings is predicated on the plausibility of analysis, the logical nexus between the independent and dependent variables, and the explantory utility of the findings. The second main criticism- the lack of "external validity"- is only valid if the explicit purpose of the research is enumerative extrapolation from a statistical sample to a parent universe. I argue that another purpose of social inquiry is analytical extrapolation by which causal processes occurring within one case are used to explain a particular social phenomenon, and also reevaluate theories about the general phenomenon in question. The "quasi-judicial" method and collegial review are ways to determine both "internal" and "external" validity.

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case (184), studi (164), theori (118), method (103), case-studi (92), scienc (65), polit (61), social (54), research (46), use (38), general (36), statist (30), valid (29), also (29), analysi (27), process (27), explain (25), purpos (23), causal (23), thus (23), explan (22),

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case-study, research methodology
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Chima, Jugdep. "What`s the Utility of the Case-Study Method for Social Science Research? A Response to Critiques from the Qualitative/Statistical Perspective" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC, Sep 01, 2005 <Not Available>. 2008-12-12 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p41952_index.html>

APA Citation:

Chima, J. S. , 2005-09-01 "What`s the Utility of the Case-Study Method for Social Science Research? A Response to Critiques from the Qualitative/Statistical Perspective" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC Online <PDF>. 2008-12-12 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p41952_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: This paper argues that the discipline's near rejection of the case-study method is based on a restrictive view of the social sciences. Critiques of the case-study method are usually predicated on the assumption that the primary task of social science research is theory-testing (hypothesis-testing). In contrast, I demonstrate the utility of the case-study method for theory-building and theory-elaboration (or theory-reconstruction). I also answer the critics' two main criticisms of the case-study methd- the lack of "internal validity" and the lack of "external validity." The paper argues that the first criticism is only valid if the explicit purpose of analysis is the formal testing of causal relationships or hypotheses. I argue that the "internal validity" of case-study findings is predicated on the plausibility of analysis, the logical nexus between the independent and dependent variables, and the explantory utility of the findings. The second main criticism- the lack of "external validity"- is only valid if the explicit purpose of the research is enumerative extrapolation from a statistical sample to a parent universe. I argue that another purpose of social inquiry is analytical extrapolation by which causal processes occurring within one case are used to explain a particular social phenomenon, and also reevaluate theories about the general phenomenon in question. The "quasi-judicial" method and collegial review are ways to determine both "internal" and "external" validity.

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Associated Document Available Political Research Online

Document Type: PDF
Page count: 27
Word count: 7402
Text sample:
What’s the Utility of the Case-Study Method for Social Science Research?: A Response to Critiques from the Quantitative/Statistical Perspective Jugdep S. Chima Research Fellow Center for South Asia Studies University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 jschima@berkeley.edu Paper for delivery at the 2005 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association September 1-4 2005. Copyright by the American Political Science Association. 2 ABSTRACT Although the case-study method is still widely-used in political science the discipline has grown increasingly suspicious
Evera Stephen. Guide to Methods for Students of Political Science. Ithaca NY: Cornell University Press 1997. Vaughan Diane. “Theory Elaboration: The Heuristics of Case Analysis.” In What is a Case?: Exploring the Foundations of Social Inquiry eds. Charles C. Ragin and Howard S. Becker. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1992. Walton John. “Making the Theoretical Case.” In What is a Case?: Exploring the Foundations of Social Inquiry eds. Charles Ragin and Howard Becker. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1992. Yin Robert


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