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Welfare Reform: Former TANF Recipients with Impairments Less Likely to Be Employed and More Likely to Receive Federal Supports

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Abstract:

Debates surrounding the reauthorization of welfare reform legislation have involved some discussion regarding outcomes for TANF recipients with physical or mental impairments. To inform this discussion, GAO was asked to report on (1) whether recipients with impairments were as likely to exit TANF as their counterparts without impairments and (2) the sources of income reported by leavers with and without impairments. To obtain this information, GAO analyzed self- reported data for the most recent years available from the Census Bureau's Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP)--a national survey of households that includes questions about TANF status and functional impairments.

Recipients of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) who had impairments were found to be half as likely to exit TANF as recipients without impairments, and recipients caring for children with impairments were found to be less than half as likely to exit TANF as recipients not caring for children with impairments, after controlling for demographic differences such as age, race, and marital status. Although impairments affect exits, other factors, including family support and personal motivation, as well as local TANF policies, may also affect whether recipients exit TANF. After leaving TANF, people with impairments were one-third as likely as people without impairments to be employed, according to a statistical model that controlled for demographic differences, and they were more likely to receive federal supports. Forty percent of leavers with impairments reported receiving cash assistance from Supplemental Security Income (SSI), a federal program designed to assist low-income individuals who are aged, blind, or disabled. Leavers with impairments were also more likely to receive non cash support in the form of Food Stamps and Medicaid than their counterparts without impairments. These findings underscore the challenge states face in ensuring that recipients with impairments and those caring for children with impairments receive the supports they need to meet the work-focused goals and requirements of TANF.

Most Common Document Word Stems:

impair (255), tanf (196), recipi (123), employ (91), welfar (88), report (81), gao (78), without (73), ssi (72), leaver (70), state (65), reform (64), receiv (63), disabl (61), percent (59), like (56), exit (55), work (51), may (50), leav (43), adult (43),

Author's Keywords:

Welfare recipients Welfare benefits Persons with disabilities Census Bureau Survey of Income and Program Participation HHS Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Block Grant Supplemental Security Income Program
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Name: American Political Science Association
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http://www.apsanet.org


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MLA Citation:

McCallum, Heather. "Welfare Reform: Former TANF Recipients with Impairments Less Likely to Be Employed and More Likely to Receive Federal Supports" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia Marriott Hotel, Philadelphia, PA, Aug 27, 2003 <Not Available>. 2008-10-10 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p61960_index.html>

APA Citation:

McCallum, H. , 2003-08-27 "Welfare Reform: Former TANF Recipients with Impairments Less Likely to Be Employed and More Likely to Receive Federal Supports" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia Marriott Hotel, Philadelphia, PA Online <.PDF>. 2008-10-10 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p61960_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: Debates surrounding the reauthorization of welfare reform legislation have involved some discussion regarding outcomes for TANF recipients with physical or mental impairments. To inform this discussion, GAO was asked to report on (1) whether recipients with impairments were as likely to exit TANF as their counterparts without impairments and (2) the sources of income reported by leavers with and without impairments. To obtain this information, GAO analyzed self- reported data for the most recent years available from the Census Bureau's Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP)--a national survey of households that includes questions about TANF status and functional impairments.

Recipients of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) who had impairments were found to be half as likely to exit TANF as recipients without impairments, and recipients caring for children with impairments were found to be less than half as likely to exit TANF as recipients not caring for children with impairments, after controlling for demographic differences such as age, race, and marital status. Although impairments affect exits, other factors, including family support and personal motivation, as well as local TANF policies, may also affect whether recipients exit TANF. After leaving TANF, people with impairments were one-third as likely as people without impairments to be employed, according to a statistical model that controlled for demographic differences, and they were more likely to receive federal supports. Forty percent of leavers with impairments reported receiving cash assistance from Supplemental Security Income (SSI), a federal program designed to assist low-income individuals who are aged, blind, or disabled. Leavers with impairments were also more likely to receive non cash support in the form of Food Stamps and Medicaid than their counterparts without impairments. These findings underscore the challenge states face in ensuring that recipients with impairments and those caring for children with impairments receive the supports they need to meet the work-focused goals and requirements of TANF.

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Document Type: .pdf
Page count: 37
Word count: 10594
Text sample:
United States General Accounting Office GAO Report to Congressional Requesters December 2002 WELFARE REFORM Former TANF Recipients with Impairments Less Likely to Be Employed and More Likely to Receive Federal Supports GAO-03-210 December 2002 WELFARE REFORM Former TANF Recipients with Highlights of GAO-03-210 a report to the Impairments Less Likely to Be Employed Ranking Minority Member Subcommittee on Human Resources Committee on and More Likely to Receive Federal Ways and Means House of Representatives and another Supports representative Debates
441 G Street NW Room LM Washington D.C. 20548 To order by Phone: Voice: (202) 512-6000 TDD: (202) 512-2537 Fax: (202) 512-6061 Contact: To Report Fraud Web site: www.gao.gov/fraudnet/fraudnet.htm Waste and Abuse in E-mail: fraudnet@gao.gov Federal Programs Automated answering system: (800) 424-5454 or (202) 512-7470 Jeff Nelligan managing director NelliganJ@gao.gov (202) 512-4800 Public Affairs U.S. General Accounting Office 441 G Street NW Room 7149 Washington D.C. 20548


Similar Titles:
Welfare Reform and Recent Welfare Recipients: a Comparative Study of the Factors Associated with Welfare Recipients’ Employability between 1998 and 2002

The Aftermath of Welfare Reform: Health, Health Insurance, and Access to Care Among Families Leaving TANF

Political Agency and Welfare Reform: engendering the 'Adult Worker Model' Welfare State


 
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