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Ethnic Structure and Cultural Diversity around the World: A Cross-National Data Set on Ethnic Groups |
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Abstract:
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Development economists have recently focused on ethnic diversity, or "fractionalization," as a possible cause of corruption, political instability, and poor economic performance. Political scientists have argued for years over possible links between ethnic diversity (or structure) and civil violence, democratic stability, and party systems. For its empirical evaluation in a cross-national setting, all such research requires data on ethnic groups across countries. This paper tries to do a better job of conceptually grounding, operationalizing, and constructing a list of ethnic groups across countries than is currently available. After addressing conceptual and practical problems involved in enumerating "ethnic groups," I present a list of 820 ethnic groups in 160 countries that made up at least 1% of country population in the early 1990s. I compare a measure of ethnic fractionalization based on this list with the commonly used fractionalization measure based on the Atlas Narodov Mir (1964). Finally, I construct an index of cultural fractionalization that uses the structural distance between languages as a proxy for the cultural distance between groups in a country. This latter measure may be more appropriate when testing hypotheses that assume that ethnic groups "matter" because they have diverse preferences and cultural differences that pose obstacles to cooperation.
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Most Common Document Word Stems:
group (255), ethnic (248), countri (147), measur (72), fraction (67), list (66), 1 (63), languag (56), use (56), di (51), cultur (50), polit (49), divers (45), popul (40), code (37), data (36), level (35), structur (35), share (32), major (32), 2 (30), |
Author's Keywords:
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Keywords: ethnic fractionalization, ethnic groups, ethnic structures, cultural diversity |
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Association:
Name: American Political Science Association URL: http://www.apsanet.org
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Citation:
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MLA Citation:
| Fearon, James. "Ethnic Structure and Cultural Diversity around the World: A Cross-National Data Set on Ethnic Groups" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston Marriott Copley Place, Sheraton Boston & Hynes Convention Center, Boston, Massachusetts, Aug 28, 2002 <Not Available>. 2008-10-10 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p65320_index.html> |
APA Citation:
| Fearon, J. D. , 2002-08-28 "Ethnic Structure and Cultural Diversity around the World: A Cross-National Data Set on Ethnic Groups" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston Marriott Copley Place, Sheraton Boston & Hynes Convention Center, Boston, Massachusetts Online <.PDF>. 2008-10-10 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p65320_index.html |
Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: Development economists have recently focused on ethnic diversity, or "fractionalization," as a possible cause of corruption, political instability, and poor economic performance. Political scientists have argued for years over possible links between ethnic diversity (or structure) and civil violence, democratic stability, and party systems. For its empirical evaluation in a cross-national setting, all such research requires data on ethnic groups across countries. This paper tries to do a better job of conceptually grounding, operationalizing, and constructing a list of ethnic groups across countries than is currently available. After addressing conceptual and practical problems involved in enumerating "ethnic groups," I present a list of 820 ethnic groups in 160 countries that made up at least 1% of country population in the early 1990s. I compare a measure of ethnic fractionalization based on this list with the commonly used fractionalization measure based on the Atlas Narodov Mir (1964). Finally, I construct an index of cultural fractionalization that uses the structural distance between languages as a proxy for the cultural distance between groups in a country. This latter measure may be more appropriate when testing hypotheses that assume that ethnic groups "matter" because they have diverse preferences and cultural differences that pose obstacles to cooperation.
Check author's web site for an updated version of the paper. |
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| Document Type: |
.pdf |
| Page count: |
33 |
| Word count: |
12324 |
| Text sample: |
| Ethnic Structure and Cultural Diversity around the World: A CrossNational Data Set on Ethnic Groups # James D. Fearon Department of Political Science Stanford University Stanford CA 943056044 August 11 2002 Abstract Development economists have recently focused on ethnic diversity or ``fractionaliza tion '' as a possible cause of corruption political instability and poor economic per formance. Political scientists have argued for years over possible links between ethnic diversity (or structure) and civil violence democratic stability and party systems. |
| BELA ARM GEO AZE TURKM TAJ KYR UZB KAZ EE/FSU 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 AFG CHIN MON TAI N.K S.K INDI BHU PAK BAN BURM SRL NEP THA CAMB LAO VIE MALAY SIN PHI INDO FIJ 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 Asia CYP MOR ALG TUN LIBY IRAN TURKE IRAQ EGY SYR LEB JOR ISR SAA YEM KUW BAH U.A OMA 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 NA/ME GUB GAM MALI SEN BEN MAURITA |
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