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Political Representation in the Network Society: The Americanization of European Systems of Responsible Party Government?

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Abstract:

The Internet provides a new technological opportunity structure for political representatives to communicate and interact with constituents. Its potential for decentralized and interactive mass communication allows MPs to bypass traditional intermediary organizations such as political parties and to establish a close and direct relationship with their constituents. Students of electronic democracy are divided upon the question whether MPs will take advantage of this new technological opportunity structure. While cyberoptimists envision a transformation of European systems of responsible party government towards a more direct, individualized type of political representation as a result of new digital media, cyberpessimists adopt a more cautious approach and predict a modernization of established systems of political representation. This paper aims at an empirical test of both positions. In its theoretical part, it models these two contradictory positions on the impact of new digital opportunity structures on political representation. In its empirical part, the paper tests both positions in a comparative statistical analysis of the use of personal Websites in the German Bundestag, the Swedish Riksdag and the US House of Representatives. Such an analysis goes well beyond the current use of single case studies in researching the political ramifications of the Internet.

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polit (79), network (42), represent (42), institut (42), new (37), technolog (35), system (34), chang (29), model (27), communic (27), repres (25), parti (24), societi (24), individu (22), opportun (21), structur (21), use (19), social (19), interact (17), comput (17), upon (17),

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Keywords: Internet, Electronic Democracy, Political Representation, Responsible Party Government, Legislatures, Responsiveness, Comparative Method
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Name: American Political Science Association
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Zittel, Thomas. "Political Representation in the Network Society: The Americanization of European Systems of Responsible Party Government?" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston Marriott Copley Place, Sheraton Boston & Hynes Convention Center, Boston, Massachusetts, Aug 28, 2002 <Not Available>. 2008-10-10 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p65771_index.html>

APA Citation:

Zittel, T. , 2002-08-28 "Political Representation in the Network Society: The Americanization of European Systems of Responsible Party Government?" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston Marriott Copley Place, Sheraton Boston & Hynes Convention Center, Boston, Massachusetts Online <.PDF>. 2008-10-10 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p65771_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: The Internet provides a new technological opportunity structure for political representatives to communicate and interact with constituents. Its potential for decentralized and interactive mass communication allows MPs to bypass traditional intermediary organizations such as political parties and to establish a close and direct relationship with their constituents. Students of electronic democracy are divided upon the question whether MPs will take advantage of this new technological opportunity structure. While cyberoptimists envision a transformation of European systems of responsible party government towards a more direct, individualized type of political representation as a result of new digital media, cyberpessimists adopt a more cautious approach and predict a modernization of established systems of political representation. This paper aims at an empirical test of both positions. In its theoretical part, it models these two contradictory positions on the impact of new digital opportunity structures on political representation. In its empirical part, the paper tests both positions in a comparative statistical analysis of the use of personal Websites in the German Bundestag, the Swedish Riksdag and the US House of Representatives. Such an analysis goes well beyond the current use of single case studies in researching the political ramifications of the Internet.

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Document Type: .pdf
Page count: 34
Word count: 4152
Text sample:
1 Political Representation in the Network Society: The Americanization of European Systems of Responsible Party Government? 1 Thomas Zittel University of Mannheim Mannheimer Zentrum für Europäische Sozialforschung (MZES) Postfach 68131 Mannheim Germany Phone: +49 621 181­2815 E­mail: thomas.zittel@mzes.uni­mannheim.de http://www.mzes.uni­mannheim.de/ and Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies Harvard University Adolphus Busch Hall 27 Kirkland St. at Cabot Way Cambridge MA 02138 http://www.ces.fas.harvard.edu/ The Internet provides a new technological opportunity structure for political representatives to communicate and interact with constituents.
elected even without individual votes 12 current members of the Riksdag earned a mandate solely because of the personal vote (Möller 1999). These institutional features could interact with new technological opportunity structures and thus forge a closer link between individual representatives and the public. They could explain moderate intra­national differences in the use of new digital media within our two European systems as well. Our data are based upon a content analysis of all parliamentary Websites in these three


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