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Association: Name: The Midwest Political Science Association URL: http://www.indiana.edu/~mpsa/
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p83631_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Ramli, Srie. "An Analysis of Indonesia' s Electoral Rules and Its Effects on Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the The Midwest Political Science Association, Palmer House Hilton, Chicago, Illinois, Apr 15, 2004 <Not Available>. 2008-10-10 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p83631_index.html>

Ramli, S. H. , 2004-04-15 "An Analysis of Indonesia' s Electoral Rules and Its Effects on Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the The Midwest Political Science Association, Palmer House Hilton, Chicago, Illinois <Not Available>. 2008-10-10 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p83631_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: An Analysis of Indonesia’s Electoral Rules and Its Effects on Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation Srie Ramli Graduate Student, Department of Political Science Northern Illinois University E-mail: Srieramli@yahoo.com In the aftermath of Suharto’s resignation in 1998, Indonesia experienced tremendous changes in the institution of democratic representation. Electoral reform took place followed by a free and fair election which was conducted in 1999. The importance of the electoral rules for democratic consolidation is mirrored in the ongoing discussion and debates over the design of political institutions in the post-1999 election period. For the upcoming 2004 general election, Indonesia adopts a new electoral reform which stipulates a direct presidential election and election for members of legislative body with a majority run-off system and a PR system respectively. The main purpose of this study is to examine the effects and challenges this new rules pose to the party system and to the future of democratization in Indonesia. In his study of democracies, Mainwaring (1993) argues that a mixture of a multiparty system with a presidential system will present a “difficult combination” for maintaining a stable democracy. Similarly, Mainwaring and Shugart (1997) contend further that a PR system will lead to a high party fragmentation in legislative body, hence a nation with a presidential system and a PR system will likely to be strained by executive-legislative deadlock. Such a combination of electoral systems presents an analytical puzzle: in the face of such an unpromising prospect, what factors contribute to the adoption of the new electoral rules in Indonesia? If the new rules will create problems in democratic process, what factors that may hinder the unwanted outcomes of the new electoral rules? In answering these questions, the paper will proceed in three main parts. First, the paper will examine the political debates in the preceding period of the adoption of the electoral rules. The analysis in this part will identify the factors and variables affecting the decision on the electoral rules. Next, the paper will examine and analyze the consequences and potential flaws of the new electoral rules. The main questions in this part are what sort of party system will emerge from the new rules? What will be the major consequences of the rules especially to small parties? What will be the effects of the new rules to the future effective governance and democratic consolidation? In the last part, the paper will examine variables that may impede any shortcomings generated by the implementation of the new electoral rules. The paper emphasizes the importance of electoral rules in that it largely determines what party system will be, who will be represented in parliament, and ultimately who will govern. The set of institutions a nation adopts is critical to the long-term success of any new democracy because they structure the rules of the game of political competition. Indonesia is now in the middle of implementing new institutional changes and it is critical to examine all of the options as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the new system. Finally, the study on Indonesia’s electoral system has not been plenty therefore; the paper will contribute to the further study of elections in Indonesia and in the newly democratized countries in general.

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