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Unified Stratification Theory: Structure, Genome and Status across Human Societies |
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Abstract:
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Drawing on the long tradition of stratification research in sociology (Sewell, Haller & Portes, 1969; Sewell, Haller, & Ohlerndorf, 1970; Sewell and Hauser, 1975; Sewell and Hauser, 1975; Jencks et al. 1979; Hirshman and Snipp, 1999) we group the determinants of status in two categories—personal qualities and abilities and family background/structural position. To consider the role of the genome in this process, we then draw on human genetics literature to describe the degree to which personal qualities and abilities are influenced by the genome. Finally, backed by substantial evidence from quantitative genetics, we propose that the strength of each of these effects (i.e.— genome>ability, ability>status, and background>status) is substantially mediated by the surrounding social structure. Specifically, levels of inequality, poverty, and social closure mediate the degree to which a) the genome influences ability formation, and b) ability influences status outcomes. The basic logic here is a) as inequality and poverty increase, individuals’ phenotypes (including those influential in status outcomes) are increasingly influenced by their position in the social structure and decreasingly determined by their genomes, and b) as social closure and inequality increase the influence of ability on status outcomes lessens. Therefore, we predict under conditions of low inequality and poverty and high social mobility, the influence of genome on status will be high relative to conditions of high inequality and poverty and low social mobility. |
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status (139), abil (106), social (95), genet (95), et (92), al (91), herit (62), person (61), attain (60), inequ (59), influenc (57), trait (53), structur (48), genom (48), phenotyp (40), research (37), model (37), 1 (36), effect (35), e.g (34), 2004 (33), |
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Association:
Name: American Sociological Association URL: http://www.asanet.org
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Citation:
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MLA Citation:
| Adkins, Daniel. "Unified Stratification Theory: Structure, Genome and Status across Human Societies" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Marriott Hotel, Loews Philadelphia Hotel, Philadelphia, PA, Aug 12, 2005 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p23204_index.html> |
APA Citation:
| Adkins, D. , 2005-08-12 "Unified Stratification Theory: Structure, Genome and Status across Human Societies" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Marriott Hotel, Loews Philadelphia Hotel, Philadelphia, PA Online <PDF>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p23204_index.html |
Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Abstract: Drawing on the long tradition of stratification research in sociology (Sewell, Haller & Portes, 1969; Sewell, Haller, & Ohlerndorf, 1970; Sewell and Hauser, 1975; Sewell and Hauser, 1975; Jencks et al. 1979; Hirshman and Snipp, 1999) we group the determinants of status in two categories—personal qualities and abilities and family background/structural position. To consider the role of the genome in this process, we then draw on human genetics literature to describe the degree to which personal qualities and abilities are influenced by the genome. Finally, backed by substantial evidence from quantitative genetics, we propose that the strength of each of these effects (i.e.— genome>ability, ability>status, and background>status) is substantially mediated by the surrounding social structure. Specifically, levels of inequality, poverty, and social closure mediate the degree to which a) the genome influences ability formation, and b) ability influences status outcomes. The basic logic here is a) as inequality and poverty increase, individuals’ phenotypes (including those influential in status outcomes) are increasingly influenced by their position in the social structure and decreasingly determined by their genomes, and b) as social closure and inequality increase the influence of ability on status outcomes lessens. Therefore, we predict under conditions of low inequality and poverty and high social mobility, the influence of genome on status will be high relative to conditions of high inequality and poverty and low social mobility. |
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| Document Type: |
PDF |
| Page count: |
30 |
| Word count: |
9834 |
| Text sample: |
| 1 What determines one’s status in society? This simple question has been debated since the beginning of civilization with thorough discussion in such ancient texts as the Confucian Analects the Bible the Vedic Laws of Manu and Classical Greek works including Aristotle’s Politics and Plato’s The Republic. The issues of status and stratification have remained prominent in the modern era where they have been foundational in the formation of sociology as a discipline (Marx 1906 1963; Durkheim 1964; Weber |
| FOR THE GENETICS OF HUMAN LONGEVITY” HUMAN GENETICS. 91 (6): 519-526. Shoulders CC Jones EL Naoumova RP. 2004. “Genetics of familial combined hyperlipidemia and risk of coronary heart disease” HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS. 13: R149-R160 Sp. Iss. 1. Sullivan PF Neale MC Kendler KS. 2000. “Genetic epidemiology of major depression: Review and meta-analysis” AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. 157 (10): 1552-1562. van de Mheen H Stronks K Schrijvers CTM et al. 1999. “The influence of adult ill health on occupational class |
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