Author's Keywords: gender gap, 2004 presidential elections, security issues, social issues, economic issues	Convention Submission, Review, and Scheduling! All Academic Convention can help with all of your abstract management needs and many more. Contact us today for a quote! Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: American Political Science Association URL: http://www.apsanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p41245_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Clark, Caleb. and Clark, Janet. "The Impact of Gender on the 2004 Presidential Election" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC, Sep 01, 2005 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p41245_index.html>

Clark, C. M. and Clark, J. , 2005-09-01 "The Impact of Gender on the 2004 Presidential Election" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p41245_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: During the 1990s, the gender gap in voting became fairly pronounced and seemingly permanent in voting in national elections in the United States. Since 2000, however, the changed security situation after September 11th and the intensification of partisan conflict over cultural issues combined to change the dynamics underlying the gender gap to a significant extent. The gender gap vanished in the 2002 congressional elections before bouncing back in 2004 to a level about half that in the 1996 and 2000 elections. The analysis in this paper suggests that this reduction in the gender gap in voting can be explained by two distinct factors. First, growing concerns and fears about security issues affected women considerably more than men, creating cross pressures on the voting decisions of women that reduced their support of Democratic candidates. Second, central issues in the “culture wars” affected men more than women, thereby undercutting the previous positive contribution to the gender gap that women’s greater liberalism on these issues had produced. Despite these effects, the gender gap continued to be found among a wide range of demographic groups, indicating that gender per se remains a significant factor in American politics.

Gender Differentiation and Cross-Cultural Variations in Measures of Psychological Political Engagement:The Role of Interviewer Effects

Political Culture, Cross-Pressures and Non-Voting

Gender Differences in Partisan Support Among Independent Voters in the 2000, 2004 and 2008 Presidential Elections