Author's Keywords: Implicit Closeness, Implicit Racial Attitudes, Affirmative Action, Social Desirability Effects, African American	Convention All Academic Convention is the premier solution for your association's abstract management solutions needs. Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: American Political Science Association URL: http://www.apsanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p42077_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Craemer, Thomas. "Racial Group Norms and Interracial Solidarity: Moving from Ingroup Favoritism to Outgroup Support" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC, Sep 01, 2005 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p42077_index.html>

Craemer, T. , 2005-09-01 "Racial Group Norms and Interracial Solidarity: Moving from Ingroup Favoritism to Outgroup Support" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p42077_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: What people say and what they feel subconsciously can diverge, especially in the area of race and politics (Anderson et al. 1988, Fazio et al. 1995, Kuklinski et al. 1997). Such social desirability effects are frequently attributed to self-monitoring (Snyder and Gangestad 1986, Terkildsen 1993, Berinsky 2004, Feldman and Huddy 2005). The finding is generally that white respondents who score high on the self monitoring scale express more favorable views of African Americans when they are in a social setting where they perceive racially tolerant views as socially desirable. This study suggests that there may be a social norm that leads people to understate rather than overstate their feelings of closeness towards other racial or ethnic outgroups (‘Norm of Ingroup Favoritism’) By measuring feelings of closeness towards different racial groups both on the implicit and explicit levels, this study applies a more direct approach to the investigation of social desirability effects than traditional approaches such as Kuklinski’s et al. (1997) list experiment or Snyder and Gangestad’s (1986) Self Monitoring Scale. On the implicit level, closeness towards a racial group is measured using a reaction time based measure of cognitive overlap developed by Aron et al. (1991). On the explicit level, closeness is measured using standard survey questions. Both forms of closeness are highly predictive of political opinions on race related policy positions but dramatic discrepancies between the two measures emerge. Interestingly, the pro-Black effect of ‘political correctness’ is dwarfed by the effect of the older Norm of Ingroup Favoritism. A simulation study based on observed discrepancies between implicit and explicit feelings of closeness suggests that support for affirmative action may increase by as much as 15 percent if the Norm of Ingroup Favoritism would be fully replaced by a new pro Black norm. By suggesting that ingroup favoritism represents a social norm rather than a natural predisposition this study draws optimistic conclusions about the feasibility of interracial solidarity. This optimism is based on the idea that it may be easier to change a social norm than to change human nature. Challenging the Norm of Ingroup Favoritism may help to increase political support for minority groups regardless of an individual’s own group membership.

Ingroup Derogation and the Norm of Racial Pride. Divergence of Implicit and Explicit Racial Affect Measures

Implicit Bias, Implicit Closeness, and Explicit Support for Blacks. Representative Survey and Online-Reaction Time Study