Author's Keywords: Keywords: New Age, globalization, globalization from below, transnational movements, alternative political movements, global capitalism, progressive education, theosophy, Theosophical Society, New Education Fellowship	Convention All Academic Convention is the premier solution for your association's abstract management solutions needs. Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: American Political Science Association URL: http://www.apsanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p66356_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Caza, Brian. "The First Great Age of Capitalism and the Birth of the New Age: Transnational Responses to Modern Industrial Civilization" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston Marriott Copley Place, Sheraton Boston & Hynes Convention Center, Boston, Massachusetts, Aug 28, 2002 <Not Available>. 2009-05-27 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p66356_index.html>

Caza, B. P. , 2002-08-28 "The First Great Age of Capitalism and the Birth of the New Age: Transnational Responses to Modern Industrial Civilization" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston Marriott Copley Place, Sheraton Boston & Hynes Convention Center, Boston, Massachusetts Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-27 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p66356_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: Today much attention is given to the issues arising from globalization, in particular responses, which attempt to provide social justice and alleviate the problems and disparities brought by the integration of the global economy. This, however, is not new, as this paper will attempt to show. Many observers have characterized the events of the past couple decades as the second era of globalization, ?Globalization Round II? (Thomas Friedman) or ?the Second Great Age of Capitalism?(Robert Gilpin borrowing from David Hale). In this paper I return to the First Great Age of Capitalism in order to illustrate how modern industrial civilization created the conditions for its own critique in the form of a modern counterculture. Specifically, it is possible to isolate the formation a transnational movement reacting against the conditions of the industrial mass-consumption societies of global capitalism within and beyond Europe at end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. This ?New Age? movement was based on exploring alternatives to industrial capitalism, as well as on creating a sense of internationalism to counter the national competition within the global system at the time. I attempt through historical analysis to define the nature of modern civilization in Europe by analysis of the situation in Germany. Additionally, I analyze the extension of this outside of Europe by exploring the imperial context within which modernity operated in places like India. Analysis will then consider the shift in thinking which refers to a ?crisis? of the times and the consequent development of what can be referred to as the modern counterculture or more precisely the New Age movement. Within this movement, individuals rejected the claims of Western civilization and sought to develop viable options. M.K. Gandhi (the Mahatma) is perhaps the most famous example of a fully conscious counterculturalism and the realization that an alternative was needed when he wrote, ?I feel that if India will discard ?modern civilization?, she can only gain by doing so.? Gandhi?s emphasis on village life and the homespun textile economy (symbolized by the spinning wheel) was an attempt to turn attention from the headlong rush into rapid urbanization, heavy capital investments, mass production, and a concern for technological industrialization. Elsewhere, other ?New Agers? were practicing self-help initiatives and organized themselves in communal living. Paul Geheeb in founding his boarding school, the Odenwaldschule in Germany, had as one of his goals the development of fully conscious individuals who would reject the constraints of a bourgeois society concerned with material wealth, prosperity and comfort. The mainly middle class students learned trades such as carpentry, or metalwork and did daily chores in cleaning the school, preparing and serving the daily meals, and working in the school garden to raise produce for the school.

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