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Association: Name: International Studies Association URL: http://www.isanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p69618_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Bressler, Michael. "Politics of Trade and Environment and the Transboundary Trade of Genetically Modified Organisms: A Study of Institutional Process, Regime Overlap, and North-South Politics in Global Rule-making" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Hilton Hawaiian Village, Honolulu, Hawaii, Mar 05, 2005 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p69618_index.html>

Bressler, M. , 2005-03-05 "Politics of Trade and Environment and the Transboundary Trade of Genetically Modified Organisms: A Study of Institutional Process, Regime Overlap, and North-South Politics in Global Rule-making" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Hilton Hawaiian Village, Honolulu, Hawaii Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p69618_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: I examine process and deliberation in global trade and environment fora dealing with overlapping trade-environment issues, particularly the relevance of communicative (vs. strategic) action to outcomes. Communicative action is characterized by transparency, egalitarian process, and argumentation based on considerations of common good, whereas strategic action tends toward opaqueness, hierarchical domination, and the pursuit of egoistic interests. In a case study of rule-making on the trade of genetically modified organisms, an overlapping issue tabled in trade and environment regimes (culminating in the 1999 World Trade Organization and the 2000 Biosafety Protocol meetings), I demonstrate how a more inclusive and egalitarian forum worked in favor of the diffusion of green norms and rules. This is contrary to expectations of the rich-green model of trade environment politics which posits developed countries to be the primary advocates and beneficiaries of green-friendly rule-making, and which subsequently implies that fora in which these states are likely to be the most environment-friendly. To examine the generalizability of this pattern I interviewed officers of global environmental nongovernmental organizations as to: major trade-environment issues; the relative importance of these issues; and their organizations' degree of agreement with the US, G77, and EU positions on each issue. I found that with the exception of the case of overlapping issues in the WTO, the respondents tended to see their organizations as having the greatest degree of agreement with the G77. I conclude that institutions can either intensify or mitigate the extent to which asymmetry and egoism prevail as factors in international rule-making, and that the explanatory efficacy of the rich-green hypothesis must be considered limited and conditional, most applicable in cases where power asymmetries and egoistic behavior are built into institutional process and deliberation. The expectation that broader inclusivity, and greater empowerment of developed states will inhibit environment-friendly rule-making is unwarranted. Greater inclusion, and more public and egalitarian process, may in fact advance the cause of environment-friendly rule-making on trade-environment issues.

Institutional Design, Autonomy and Economic Interdependence: Does International Legal Personality Lead to Trade Agreements among International Organizations?

Why Do States Pursue Water Cooperation through Regional Trade Agreements: Trade, Environment, Security Linkages in International River Basins