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Association: Name: International Studies Association URL: http://www.isanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p71522_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

"History, Strategy, and Organizations: The Consequences of Revolutions in Military Affairs for the International Balance of Power and International Security Environment" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Hilton Hawaiian Village, Honolulu, Hawaii, Mar 05, 2005 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p71522_index.html>

, 2005-03-05 "History, Strategy, and Organizations: The Consequences of Revolutions in Military Affairs for the International Balance of Power and International Security Environment" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Hilton Hawaiian Village, Honolulu, Hawaii <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p71522_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: At the intersection of technological developments, organizational change, and military strategy lie revolutions in military affairs (RMA), discontinuous increases in national military capabilities. Recent American military operations in Afghanistan and Iraq have led many to argue that the United States has gone through an RMA. However, writing in political science trails in its recognition of the importance of RMAs for international security. Through quantitative statistical tests and case research, this paper establishes important linkages between current policy discourse on the upcoming RMA, historical research on past RMAs, and political science theorizing about the international security environment. This paper seriously investigates previous large-scale increases in military capabilities, seeking to specifically define RMAs, explain their impact on the international security environment, and describe why different RMAs reverberate throughout the international system differently. RMAs both substantially influence and are influenced by questions of capacity and preference. While national preferences concerning the international security environment may help create the geopolitical need for some RMAs, RMAs represent non-linear changes in the military capacity of nation-states. This paper comes at the issue of RMAs from multiple theoretical perspectives, drawing on insights from academic writing on military innovation (Posen 1984, Rosen 1991), historical research (Parker 1996, Rogers 1995), business innovation literature (Christensen 1997, Tushman 1986), and traditional realist canons (Waltz 1979, Organski and Kugler 1980) to explain how RMAs provide the building blocks for periods of power transitions, altering the preferences and capacity of leading states in the international system. The paper will conduct empirical testing of the importance of 19th and 20th century RMAs with multiple methods, both statistical analysis and case studies. Two different lines of inquiry will be pursued. First, statistical tests will focus on the impact of RMAs on deterrence and war-fighting, challenging current international relations theorizing (Fearon 1994, Bennett and Stam 1996, Vasquez 1996). Second, the most interesting facet of RMAs may be their differential rates of diffusion throughout the international system, which influences their impact on warfare and the general balance of power. The paper will evaluate the nature of the underlying technology (whether it is fundamentally commercial or military), the capital intensity required to experience an RMA, and other factors to determine the variables influencing the spread of RMAs and their impact on capacity, leadership, and the balance of power. A combination of primary and secondary sources will help draw out similarities and differences in the way that 19th and 20th century RMAs influenced the international system. The statistical results and case research will enhance disciplinary knowledge of an important phenomenon at the intersection of international relations and security studies. Beyond obvious implications for those concerned with the way current changes in the US military may influence international security, RMAs may be an omitted variable whose inclusion gives general models of international relations much more explanatory power.

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