Author's Keywords: U.S. foreign policy, Islamic Republic of Iran, secularism, revolution, modernity, national identity	Convention All Academic Convention can solve the abstract management needs for any association's annual meeting. Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: International Studies Association URL: http://www.isanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p72624_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Hurd, Elizabeth. "The International Politics of Secularism: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Islamic Republic of Iran" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Le Centre Sheraton Hotel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Mar 17, 2004 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p72624_index.html>

Hurd, E. S. , 2004-03-17 "The International Politics of Secularism: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Islamic Republic of Iran" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Le Centre Sheraton Hotel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p72624_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: This paper explores the implications of secular political authority for relations between the United States and the Islamic Republic of Iran. I explain why the Islamic Revolution was perceived as such a profound threat to the United States. To understand U.S. foreign policy toward Iran it is necessary to shift our attention away from religious threats to secular modernity, and toward secular attempts to identify the ‘religious.’ In challenging the automatic linkage between secularism, democracy and freedom, the Iranian Revolution threatened American nationalism, in which these ideals are tightly interwoven. To counter this threat, Americans projected all of the negative traits that had been associated with secular modernity under the Shah—violence, tyranny and lack of democracy—onto an Islamic ‘other.’ This projection served two functions: it exculpated the United States from its association with the Shah’s regime, and it cemented the association of the United States with secular democracy in opposition to its nemesis, religious tyranny. The very identity of the United States as secular and democratic was at stake in the Iranian Revolution. The need to reclaim this identity accounts for the fervor of American opposition to Iran. Contrary to the ‘clash of civilizations’ argument, then, animosity between the U.S. and Iran witnessed over the past three decades is not a function of immutable cultural difference. It is instead the result of a series of events in which an imperial form of secular modernity was challenged and replaced by an imperial form of religious modernity, with consequences for both communities involved.

Islam as Ethnicity, Islam as Religion: A Typology of how Religious and Ethnic Identities Intersect Among Second-Generation Muslim Americans

Re-questioning the Role of Religion in Politics: Secularism, State and Islamic Political Parties