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Creating the Global Development Network: The World Bank, Neo-Liberalism and the Idea of Civil Society

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Abstract:

Civil Society is in vogue. Not least because of the relative success that transnational social movements have had in establishing a global human rights discourse and-to a lesser extent-in advancing a global human rights agenda, thus supplementing traditional international concerns with security and economic stability. Some scholars (such as David Held) argue that this shift reflects the advance of 'cosmopolitan democracy' characterized by a widening circle of participation in what is regarded as an emerging global civil society. Another indicator frequently cited with regard to the alleged improvements in global governance is the increasing-albeit still fairly limited-participation of NGOs in international organizations and forums that were previously the almost exclusive preserve of corporate and political power elites. This paper critically examines such claims by looking at the World Bank sponsored Global Development Network (GDN) of public and private think tanks. Officially, the World Bank aims to support calls for greater transparency and participation by relying on non-state actors and hopes that the GDN network of organizations will in turn contribute to improving the effectiveness of the World Bank's development projects. A closer look at the origin and development of the GDN, however, reveals that it has a predominantly neoliberal core constituency. There is what appears to be an ambivalent, if not contradictory, relationship between the Bank's greater openness to autonomous civil society activities and its sponsoring of an increasingly well organized neoliberal civil society. Apart from improving the Bank's overall organizational effectiveness, the GDN initiative is thus primarily an effort to rebuild legitimacy for the neoliberal project, a legitimacy which has to some extent been lost due to increasingly effective transnational criticism. Theoretically the paper argues that Antonio Gramsci's understanding of civil society as a part of the social power structure intimately linked to the political society (and thus to some extent an extension of the political power structure) is superior to concepts that unequivocally claim civil society is a private sphere of freedom.
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Name: International Studies Association
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http://www.isanet.org


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MLA Citation:

Plewe, Dieter. "Creating the Global Development Network: The World Bank, Neo-Liberalism and the Idea of Civil Society" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Le Centre Sheraton Hotel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Mar 17, 2004 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p73071_index.html>

APA Citation:

Plewe, D. , 2004-03-17 "Creating the Global Development Network: The World Bank, Neo-Liberalism and the Idea of Civil Society" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Le Centre Sheraton Hotel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p73071_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: Civil Society is in vogue. Not least because of the relative success that transnational social movements have had in establishing a global human rights discourse and-to a lesser extent-in advancing a global human rights agenda, thus supplementing traditional international concerns with security and economic stability. Some scholars (such as David Held) argue that this shift reflects the advance of 'cosmopolitan democracy' characterized by a widening circle of participation in what is regarded as an emerging global civil society. Another indicator frequently cited with regard to the alleged improvements in global governance is the increasing-albeit still fairly limited-participation of NGOs in international organizations and forums that were previously the almost exclusive preserve of corporate and political power elites. This paper critically examines such claims by looking at the World Bank sponsored Global Development Network (GDN) of public and private think tanks. Officially, the World Bank aims to support calls for greater transparency and participation by relying on non-state actors and hopes that the GDN network of organizations will in turn contribute to improving the effectiveness of the World Bank's development projects. A closer look at the origin and development of the GDN, however, reveals that it has a predominantly neoliberal core constituency. There is what appears to be an ambivalent, if not contradictory, relationship between the Bank's greater openness to autonomous civil society activities and its sponsoring of an increasingly well organized neoliberal civil society. Apart from improving the Bank's overall organizational effectiveness, the GDN initiative is thus primarily an effort to rebuild legitimacy for the neoliberal project, a legitimacy which has to some extent been lost due to increasingly effective transnational criticism. Theoretically the paper argues that Antonio Gramsci's understanding of civil society as a part of the social power structure intimately linked to the political society (and thus to some extent an extension of the political power structure) is superior to concepts that unequivocally claim civil society is a private sphere of freedom.

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