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Association: Name: International Studies Association URL: http://www.isanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p73180_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Halegua, Aaron. "The Targeting of United Nations Sanctions: Political, Economic and Ethical Explanations of Normative Change" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Le Centre Sheraton Hotel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Mar 17, 2004 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p73180_index.html>

Halegua, A. M. , 2004-03-17 "The Targeting of United Nations Sanctions: Political, Economic and Ethical Explanations of Normative Change" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Le Centre Sheraton Hotel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p73180_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: In the early 1990s, the UN Security Council imposed comprehensive economic sanctions that severely worsened the humanitarian and economic conditions of the targeted states, and were often ineffective in achieving political results. In the latter half of the decade, however, the Council has only imposed targeted sanctions. Consistent with Neta Crawford's model of normative change, I argue that this shift constitutes a normative change in the behavior of the UN. Moreover, I argue that neither political concerns about sanctions' effectiveness or economic considerations about the cost of sanctions to sender countries can adequately explain why this change occurred. Instead, it is ethical argument that led to a change in normative beliefs and priorities regarding sanctions that played the central role in this transformation. This finding is a promising testament to the idea that ethical argument and ideology, and not just hegemonic behavior, can define what is and is not a legitimate exercise of power.

Economic Sanction Effectiveness to Foreign Direct Investment Inflows in the Target Countries: Sanctions Onset, Macroeconomic Policy, and Political Stability

?The Politics of Failure have Failed. We Need to Make them Work Again?, Refugees, Normative Change, and Institutional Development in the League of Nations and United Nations