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Handcuffed by Race: The SpatialConsistency of the Racial Gap in Attitudes Towards the Police
Unformatted Document Text:  ª4š„¨¨#d—d–¶­¯–˜ 4œ@š¢Ãª’š´˜š„“4½R"!°d ¦¨š„“U Fš„«e­U–˜¨–˜œh­¯–˜ªoŸ“–¸ 4•š¢©­¯°d Vª’š„¨¨oš—7«d“U”ª4­U–˜ª4 Vš¢Ã”œUœž–˜™„—d–¸—d™ §¢Ä“U–¸ªp”—»§Y¨o 4“U–˜ª’”— šU¦ª’ 4“Uœ›­¯š)§Y¢Ä“ž–˜ª’”—»§©¨ ’“ž–˜ªp”x—»«d“U 4ª’–˜—eª4­¯œ@œh­¯“U 4œUœž ’œo­U°±”x­#­U°d 4¡¿ ’—d™„ 4—d¬d 4“–” ­U“Udœh­3­¯°±”ƒ­B•v°d–¸­U !šU¦ª’ 4“Uœ3ªp”x—d—dš­’½ Öûá §cª’e“U“U 4—®­3­¯ ³²ˆ­Uºršˆš„Ťš—ª4š„¨¨#d—d–¶­¼¡I«{š„´¸–˜ª’–¸—d™©œž ’ª4š„—d¬dœ3­¯°e–˜œ š«e­¯–¸¨o–¸œž­¯–¸ªv–˜—®­¯ 4“U«d“ž 4­C”ƒ­¯–˜š—s¤d”“ž™„d–¸—d™I­U°±”x­i&h•v°e ’—¨«rš´˜–˜ª4 Yšw¦oª4 ’“žœœž°±”“ž Ã”#ª’š„¨¨š„—–º±”xªCň™“Uš„d—e¬ ”x—d¬» ’¬deªp”x­U–˜š„—¿•v–¶­¯°k­U°d Çª’–¶­¯–984 ’—dœI­¯°d ³¡kœž ’“žŸ ¤”šU¦ª’ 4“Uœ@”—d¬ ª4–¸­¯–c8’ 4—dœ¤d—e¬d ’“žœž­C”x—d¬7 ’”ªC°»š­U°d ’“ ”x—d¬}™š“šˆ¬ ª’š„¨¨#d—d–¶­¼¡c“U 4´È”x­U–˜š„—eœÇ”“U ¢†”–¸“U´¶¡  p”xœž¡c­¯šµ”ªC°e–˜ 4Ÿ †(}03DV–˜´¸´˜ 4“¨”—d¬`„ ’œžœ£$#U#%sI…¶£$#e£š6н DV”—®¡)ª’š„¨¨#d—d–¶­¼¡¦´¸ p”¬e ’“Uœqœžd«d«{š„“ž­Ã­U°d–˜œ1Ÿˆ–˜ ³• ”œ1•G ’´¸´E…Ö¸—™­¯°d ›•Gš„“U¬dœ š¢¶‚òš„œh­¯š„— «±”œh­¯š„“‘b”p¡ „Y”¨¨oš„—e¬s¤ &U”›¢Äš„“žª’ 1•v–¸­U°¦”xœ!¨#dªC°¦«{š•ò 4“”œ!­¯°d q«{š„´˜–¸ª’ 1°±”xœv­Uš@“U !ëd ’ª4­­¯°e  ª4š„¨¨#d—d–¶­¼¡„½“Y”š„ °d”Ÿ  ­Uš@ªp”«e­Ud“U q­¯°e  ª4š„¨¨#d—d–¶­¼¡r·þœ!ª’š—e±¬d 4—dª’ !(}0ED¦”x“ž­¯–¸—d †8Q4¥„¥%4%6³½ ’¥ªsã ä ™–g1xtz€qBp›¯ rh¬›xW·b–˜x³r”i‰™¶´—¡Õxt²›e fIr”lmxtpyr˜¡Õq~y¶xfhi”qsr%t Sò 4“ž­¯”–˜—d´¶¡„¤Tª’“ž–˜¨–˜—dš´˜š„™„–¸œž­UœY°±”pŸ o«±”x–˜¬ ª’´˜šœU ”x­U­U ’—®­¯–¸š„—­¯špAxd ’œh­¯–˜š—dœIšx¢ò«{š„´˜–¸ª’ #¢Äš„“žª’ @¬d–¶Ÿ„ ’“žœU–¶­¼¡„¤ ”x—d¬–œž 4Ÿ„ 4“¯”´{ªp”xœU ©œh­¯d¬e–˜ ’œ” ’¨«d°±”xœU–984 …Aˆe ’œž­U–˜š„—eœòš¢g“¯”ª4–È”´±«d“ž ’ª4–˜—dª³­W”œžœU–¸™„—d¨ ’—®­G”œ”•G ’´¸´e0uÉD ’–¸—d ’— £u#%s ‘ H¡Sòš“š«r 4“¦£$#%sUG76³½k‚òe­o­¯°d w”SƒS¥‚ƒwP«d“žš‰Ÿˆ–¸¬d ’œ–”k—d 4•&š„«e«rš„“h­¯d—e–¸­¼¡»­¯š­¯ ’œh­–­U°d ’œž ™´˜š„—e™xÀ œh­C”—e¬d–˜—d™V°®¡“«{š­U°d ’œž ’œ›–˜— ª’š¨o¨#e—d–¸­U–˜ ’œ ”ª4“Uš„œžœI­U°d –‡ ½™w{½w§Yª’ª’š“U¬d–¸—d™„´¸¡¤w¾©¨ošˆ¬d–¸Âd ’¬)­¯°d o p”“ž´˜–˜ 4“ ¨šˆ¬d ’´e­UšÃ–˜—dª4´˜d¬e !–˜—®­¯ 4“¯”ª³­¯–˜š—#­¯ ’“ž¨oœ3º{ 4­¼•G ’ 4—0 £š6w­¯°d !¬ed¨o¨I¡¤Ÿx”“U–˜”ºd´¸ ò–˜—e¬d–˜ª’”x­¯–¸—d™Ã”—@–˜—e¬d–¸Ÿˆ–˜¬ˆÀ d”´m·þœ€“¯”ª4 Y”x—d¬­U°d v«r 4“Uª4 ’—®­C”™ Yš¢{­¯°e ´¸š“ª’”´d«{š„´˜–¸ª’ W¬e ’«±”“h­¯¨ ’—®­”­¯°±”x­€–¸œ€§Y¢Ä“U–¸ªp”—@§Y¨o 4“U–˜ª’”—@”—d¬ 034%6v­U°d ›¬dd¨¨¤¡¨Ÿx”“U–˜”ºd´¸ I–¸—d¬d–˜ª’”x­¯–¸—d™ÉT”x­U–˜—dšœ©”—e¬™­¯°d #«{ ’“žª’ 4—x­¯”™„ ›š¢€­U°d #«{š„´˜–¸ª’  ¬d ’«±”x“ž­¯¨ ’—®­ ­U°±”x­o–˜œoÉT”x­¯–¸—dšd½c§©´¸´W­¯°d Vš„“U–¸™„–˜—d”´˜´¶¡œž«r 4ª’–¶Â± ’¬c Ð²e«e´È”—±”ƒ­¯š„“h¡»Ÿ”x“U–È”xºd´˜ 4œ“ž ’¨o”–˜—µ–˜— ­¯°e ¦¨š“¬d 4´ –¸—dª’´¸d¬d–¸—d™™­¯°d ¨¬de¨o¨¤¡Ÿx”“U–˜”ºd´˜ 4œ›–˜—d¬e–˜ªp”ƒ­¯–˜—e™¦­¯°d ¨“ž ’œU«{š„—d¬e ’—®­p·þœ–ª4š„¨o¨¤d—d–¸­¼¡¤””—d¬ ­¯°d ¨¨š“¬d 4´ “ž ’¨o”–˜—eœo–¸¬d ’—®­¯–¶Â± ’¬7­¯°±”—eňœ­¯škŸx”“ž–È”x­U–˜š„— š„—7­¯°d V“¯”ª4 ™”—d¬P 4­¯°e—d–˜ª4–¸­¼¡ Ÿx”“U–˜”ºd´˜ 4œ½ ÄÆÊ๏đ™g p”ªC° ª4š„¨¨#d—d–¶­¼¡„½ ÚEæ ¤ Þ ì ҳωÓÁֆÍ4ô‰ÒÐÑm̉ÍhÓÁÖTγÓuø4ωÍ3ëx͞ÓmÖuσÎ4ֆÛðà³Ížê¦â!Ñm̃ÎCÑwÓmÎ ì Û Ö†Ù7ÛðÖwÎÐÔÃÛðÙòëÒ³ÓuÑmγԒÑTëƒÎÐÓuÑTÒÐÞ±ëÒ³êðÛ ì ͔γÖmֆÛðø³ÔƒÙò͞ԒÑmÖTÎ4ÖDîr͞ê¦ê˜ô îDÛþÑmÌ!ëxÒ4ê¦Û ì ÍD܁͞ëƒÎÐÓuÑuÙWÍhԒÑÁֱ͞γø³ÍhÓeÑmÒ3Õ³Íh͞ëòûTÞéÓuÛ ì γÔ!ûTÙWÍhÓmÛ ì ÎÐÔ ì Ò4ëƒÖdҳωÑ~ÒÐބë‰ÓuÍU܁ҳÙWÛðԃÎÐԒÑmê¦â€îD̃ÛþÑmÍDԉÍhÛðø³ÌpÝÒ³Óm̉ÒpÒp܃Öhí ïpÍh̀¥ˆÍhÛðԉÍhÔQÙ&%§Ñۃí 4%g

Authors: Hopkins, Daniel.
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