Author's Keywords: spontaneous eye blinking, temperament, attention, dopamine	Convention Need a solution for abstract management? All Academic can help! Contact us today to find out how our system can help your annual meeting. Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies URL: http://www.isisweb.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p93817_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Bacher, Leigh., Wallace, Kara., Lewis, Katie., Norton, Joshua., Hubbard, Leigh Ann., Wynkoop, Kate. and Zielinski, Nancy. "Spontaneous eye blinking: links to temperament and attention" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies, Westin Miyako, Kyoto, Japan, Jun 19, 2006 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p93817_index.html>

Bacher, L. F., Wallace, K. , Lewis, K. , Norton, J. , Hubbard, L. , Wynkoop, K. and Zielinski, N. , 2006-06-19 "Spontaneous eye blinking: links to temperament and attention" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies, Westin Miyako, Kyoto, Japan <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p93817_index.html

Publication Type: Individual Poster Abstract: Background and goals. Infants exhibit spontaneous eye blinks (SB) infrequently compared to adults. Investigations using healthy adults, clinical populations, and neuropharmacological manipulations in non-human primates have shown that SB rates can be manipulated, patterns of SB vary for some disorders, and SB mechanisms involve central dopamine systems. Little is known about SB in infants. Our goals include investigating the development of SB and behavioral systems linked to SB. Here, we focused on relationships between SB and temperament, body movement and cardiac activity. Methods. 22 healthy, term infants (11 F) were observed during baseline (3-5 min) then during either moving objects (N=11) or a social condition (N=11)(5-6 min). Previous work suggests that the inter-blink-interval (IBI) would change in opposite directions for these stimuli. Temperament was assessed by the IBQ-R and lab measurements (one measurement examined approach behavior). Results. IBI was not related to: feeding method, time of day, time since last feeding, body weight. Individual differences in IBI were wide: 7-83 sec (baseline) M=24 (SD=16). IBI increased from baseline (21-28 sec; p=.02) and males had longer IBI (p=.03), but IBI did not differ by stimulus. Body movement (p=.01) and heart rate (p<.001) decreased across phase. However, changes in body movement and heart rate were unrelated to the change in IBI. MANOVA was used to test the relationships between infant characteristics (sex), temperament (approach, IBQ-R factors), infant activity (body movement) and IBI change across phase. Results confirmed effects for sex and phase, and indicated that infants’ approach and the IBQ-R’s duration of orienting interacted with phase in their relationship to IBI. Conclusions. Like adults, infants exhibit wide individual differences in IBI and IBI can be manipulated. Increased attention to moving objects and a social stimulus increased IBI, yet this change was not explained by somatic and cardiac variables. The change in IBI may be related to features of temperament as measured by variables of approach and duration of orienting. Unlike previous work, sex differences in IBI were found. Additional preliminary analyses suggested that increases in sustained gaze might be linked to the changes in IBI. Therefore, SB in infants was related to stable infant characteristics as well as their responses to the environment. SB regulation is complex, yet understanding the expression, mechanisms and functional correlates of SB could reveal insights into the development and integration of attention, motivation and temperament. (Supported by NIH EY16238 to LFB)

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