Author's Keywords: temperament, negative reactivity, distress to frustrating events, attention regulation, aggressive behavior	Convention All Academic Convention is the premier solution for your association's abstract management solutions needs. Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies URL: http://www.isisweb.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p93880_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Crockenberg, Susan., Leerkes, Esther. and Barrig Jo, Patricia. "Infant Reactivity (to Frustrating Events), Attention Regulation, and Maternal Behavior Predict Aggression at 2 ½" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies, Westin Miyako, Kyoto, Japan, Jun 19, 2006 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p93880_index.html>

Crockenberg, S. , Leerkes, E. M. and Barrig Jo, P. S. , 2006-06-19 "Infant Reactivity (to Frustrating Events), Attention Regulation, and Maternal Behavior Predict Aggression at 2 ½" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies, Westin Miyako, Kyoto, Japan <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p93880_index.html

Publication Type: Individual Poster Abstract: Background and Aims: Infant temperament includes reactive and regulatory components (Rothbart & Derryberry, 1981), thought to contribute to distinct patterns of behavioral adjustment (Rothbart & Bates, 1998). However, there have been few tests of their joint prediction or of the moderating effect of maternal behavior over time. Based on theory and research, we hypothesized that infant and maternal behaviors would moderate the effect of infant distress to frustrating events on later aggressive behavior. We expected infants who were easily frustrated, and unable to shift attention away from the frustrating event, or whose mothers did not encourage them to shift, would be more aggressive than comparable infants who had developed this competence or whose mothers encouraged them to shift attention away from the source of frustration. Methods: 64 low-risk mothers and children (38 males) participated. Mothers rated infant frustration at 6 months on the Infant Behavior Questionnaire and aggression at 2 ½ using the Child Behavior Checklist/2-3; infant and maternal regulation behaviors were observed (separate episodes) during a laboratory assessment of infant distress to frustration (taking a toy away, gently restraining the infant’s arms) at 6 m postpartum. Key Results: Using hierarchical, multiple regression: 1) Infant frustration predicted later aggression, but this main effect was qualified by an interaction with maternal behavior, Beta = 1.27, p < .05. Infant frustration predicted aggression only if mothers encouraged infant attention toward the source of frustration. 2) Infant attention toward the frustrating event predicted aggression independently of frustration and its interaction with maternal behavior, Beta = .40, p < .01 (higher attention to source of frustration, higher aggression), but it did not moderate the frustration effect. 3) Infant looking away from the source of frustration interacted with gender to predict aggression, Beta = - .92, p < .05; high looking away was associated with lower aggression for girls only. Conclusions: These findings suggest that differences in maternal behavior lead to different pathways between infant frustration and later aggressive behavior. Thus, changes in maternal behavior should decrease the likelihood of aggressive behavior among children who are easily frustrated as infants. In contrast, there was no evidence that infant regulation behaviors at 6 months moderated the effect of infant frustration on later aggression, although differences in infant attention shifting were linked with more aggression (focusing on the source of frustration), or less aggression for girls (attending away from the frustrating event).

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