Author's Keywords: stress response, facial expression, emotion, maternal depression, caregiving, maternal sensitivity, neuroendocrine	Convention Submission, Review, and Scheduling! All Academic Convention can help with all of your abstract management needs and many more. Contact us today for a quote! Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies URL: http://www.isisweb.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p93889_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Kestler, Lisa., Brennan, Patricia., Walker, Elaine. and Stowe, Zachary. "Peripartum Depression, Mother-Infant Interaction, and Infant Cortisol Levels" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies, Westin Miyako, Kyoto, Japan, Jun 19, 2006 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p93889_index.html>

Kestler, L. , Brennan, P. , Walker, E. and Stowe, Z. , 2006-06-19 "Peripartum Depression, Mother-Infant Interaction, and Infant Cortisol Levels" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies, Westin Miyako, Kyoto, Japan <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p93889_index.html

Publication Type: Individual Poster Abstract: Background and Aims: There is an extensive body of research implicating pre- and postpartum depression in a range of adverse child outcomes, including increased risk for emotional and behavioral disorders. The extent to which maternal depression impacts mother-infant interaction quality and the role of mother-infant interaction in the development of infant stress regulation have both been previously investigated separately. To better understand how maternal depression and early mother-infant interaction patterns may contribute to the developmental trajectory toward disorder later in life, the current study examined the nature of these relationships, including potential mediating and moderating effects among these variables for predicting infant Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) functioning. Methods: Fifty-eight peripartum-depressed mothers were compared to 49 non-peripartum-depressed mothers. The mothers interacted with their 6-month-old infants after the infants were exposed to a brief stress paradigm (arm restraint + still face). Split-screen videos of mothers and infants were coded for matching and nonmatching affect (positive, negative, and neutral). Infant cortisol was measured in saliva samples collected at six time-points throughout the assessment. Key Results: Contrary to previous research, the diagnosis or severity of maternal depression was not related to any measure of mother-infant interaction. Elevations in infant cortisol measures were related to greater amounts of time spent in nonmatching affective states in which the mother shows negative affect while the infant shows positive affect. Furthermore, infants whose mothers demonstrated less positive affect showed elevated mean cortisol. The diagnosis of peripartum maternal depression also predicted greater infant cortisol. Finally, peripartum depression moderated the impact of nonoptimal mother-infant behavior on infant cortisol, suggesting that mismatched mother-infant affect is only detrimental to infant HPA-axis functioning in the presence of maternal depression. Conclusions: These results support the theory that the mother’s positive affect is important for the infant’s ability to regulate stress, and that when mother and infant are not attuned to one another’s affective state the infant may exhibit an elevated level of neuroendocrine activity. The present study also provides evidence that, early in life, infants of peripartum-depressed mothers begin to show dysregulation of hormonal stress responsivity, which is associated with vulnerability to emotional and behavioral problems as well as more serious mental illness. Thus, we are able to identify a mechanism – altered HPA axis activity - by which maternal depression confers greater risk for psychopathology later in life.

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