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Association: Name: XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies URL: http://www.isisweb.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p94065_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Hespos, Susan. and Saylor, Megan. "Parsing Continuous Actions in 6-month-old Infants" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies, Westin Miyako, Kyoto, Japan, Jun 19, 2006 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p94065_index.html>

Hespos, S. and Saylor, M. , 2006-06-19 "Parsing Continuous Actions in 6-month-old Infants" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the XVth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies, Westin Miyako, Kyoto, Japan <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p94065_index.html

Publication Type: Individual Poster Abstract: Background and Aims: We investigated infants’ expectations about event boundaries. Though the ability to reason about events has far reaching consequences for our skill at interpreting others’ behavior, very little is known about the origins of this ability. How do we successfully identify individual events or event types in the continuous flow of human behavior? Previous work suggests that 10-month-old infants segment human behavior into action units that are akin to those identified by adults (Baldwin et al., 2001). One possibility is that infants possess general skills for extracting structure when faced with dynamic events which enables them to identify a wide range of individual events (Baldwin & Baird, 2001). Baillargeon (2004) suggests that young infants tend to divide the world into separate event categories and learn within each of these categories. We tested whether infants would recognize Baillargeon type event categories (e.g, support, containment, occlusion) embedded in a continuous stream of action. Methods: We used a habituation/dishabituation looking paradigm to test 52, 6-month-old infants. Half of the infants were habituated to events where a colorful ball was passed under a tunnel and bounced on a pedestal. The other infants saw events were the ball jumped over a bridge and in a container. In the test trials infants saw two new events. One of the events included the segments that the infants had seen in habituation trials the other events was entirely new (e.g., over/behind/on vs. under/behind/in). The between-subject habituation trials were designed so that the trial that was novel for one group was familiar for the other group. This design controls for interpretations based on low-level perceptual biases. Our prediction was if infants recognized the segments seen during the habituation trials then they might look longer at the novel compared to the more familiar test sequence. Key Results: Our initial analysis of the data looked bleak – there was equal looking time at both test events. However, upon closer inspection there was an interesting story to tell. Typically, when infants see repeated events, they show a decrease in looking time over trials. Half of our infants habituated and during test trials they looked significantly longer at the novel compared to familiar test events. In contrast, the infants who did not habituate showed the opposite pattern (also significant). Conclusions: Together, these results indicate that infants parsed a continuous action at event category boundaries. The fact that there were opposite patterns of looking depending on habituation confirms a long-standing hypothesis that there are different learning speeds but the outcome - recognition of the stimuli - is the same.

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