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Non-conventional threats and Chinese Security: Re-examining China's Rise and National Identity in a Time of Change |
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Abstract:
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This paper argues that since the end of the Cold War America's hegemonic position within a globalizing world was so unrivalled, and China's embrace of economic globalization has been so pervasive, that the empirical focus and analytical debate in security studies and international relations theory about China's "rise" are misguided.The policy choices, and grand strategies, mapped out in this literature have very little to do with the empirical realities confronting China. Neither balancing, nor bandwagoning, is an option for Beijing. In attempting to move beyond such limitations, I focus on the growing list of "non-traditional security" (fei zhuantong anquan) concerns facing Beijing. It then concentrates on the issue> areas that were generally acknowledged by those inside and outside China as constituting a relatively pronounced threat to Beijing. More specifically, I examine Beijing's position on environmental degradation, terrorism, and infectious diseases.These issues are interesting in their own right as most of the work on China's foreign relations and national security policies have left them unexamined (or at least under-examined), yet they constitute some of the most intractable problems confronting the Chinese state. Their multifaceted nature, and its incompatibility with both the focus of much of the great powers based literature on China, not to mention conventional levels-of-analysis approaches to IR, is, then, fascinating. These are issues that are neither internal, nor international in nature. In fact they transcend such a divide, both in their origins and the policy arenas that have grown up around them. Their crucial, yet contested, place within the construction of contemporary Chinese national identity, gives them added import, especially as this facet of identity formation has been largely neglected in the expanding, primarily constructivist, literature on this phenomenon in international politics. Finally, their significance is even greater than such observations suggest, as a policy failure on any of these fronts would seriously undermine Beijing's ability to govern, have a sweeping impact beyond China's borders, and, the potential, more than any other factors, to re-shape fundamental aspects of China's relationship with the rest of the international system. In other words, these issues are of central importance to China and the world, and while they have been treated as relatively small (even invisible) matters within the majority of work on China's rise, Chinese handling of them speaks directly to a number of the core issues of debate within the field of national security studies and international relations theory. |
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Association:
Name: International Studies Association
URL: http://www.isanet.org
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Citation:
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MLA Citation:
| Carlson, Allen. "Non-conventional threats and Chinese Security: Re-examining China's Rise and National Identity in a Time of Change" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Town & Country Resort and Convention Center, San Diego, California, USA, Mar 22, 2006 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p100088_index.html> |
APA Citation:
| Carlson, A. , 2006-03-22 "Non-conventional threats and Chinese Security: Re-examining China's Rise and National Identity in a Time of Change" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Town & Country Resort and Convention Center, San Diego, California, USA <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p100088_index.html |
Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: This paper argues that since the end of the Cold War America's hegemonic position within a globalizing world was so unrivalled, and China's embrace of economic globalization has been so pervasive, that the empirical focus and analytical debate in security studies and international relations theory about China's "rise" are misguided.The policy choices, and grand strategies, mapped out in this literature have very little to do with the empirical realities confronting China. Neither balancing, nor bandwagoning, is an option for Beijing. In attempting to move beyond such limitations, I focus on the growing list of "non-traditional security" (fei zhuantong anquan) concerns facing Beijing. It then concentrates on the issue> areas that were generally acknowledged by those inside and outside China as constituting a relatively pronounced threat to Beijing. More specifically, I examine Beijing's position on environmental degradation, terrorism, and infectious diseases.These issues are interesting in their own right as most of the work on China's foreign relations and national security policies have left them unexamined (or at least under-examined), yet they constitute some of the most intractable problems confronting the Chinese state. Their multifaceted nature, and its incompatibility with both the focus of much of the great powers based literature on China, not to mention conventional levels-of-analysis approaches to IR, is, then, fascinating. These are issues that are neither internal, nor international in nature. In fact they transcend such a divide, both in their origins and the policy arenas that have grown up around them. Their crucial, yet contested, place within the construction of contemporary Chinese national identity, gives them added import, especially as this facet of identity formation has been largely neglected in the expanding, primarily constructivist, literature on this phenomenon in international politics. Finally, their significance is even greater than such observations suggest, as a policy failure on any of these fronts would seriously undermine Beijing's ability to govern, have a sweeping impact beyond China's borders, and, the potential, more than any other factors, to re-shape fundamental aspects of China's relationship with the rest of the international system. In other words, these issues are of central importance to China and the world, and while they have been treated as relatively small (even invisible) matters within the majority of work on China's rise, Chinese handling of them speaks directly to a number of the core issues of debate within the field of national security studies and international relations theory. |
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