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Employment Regulation, Welfare-States and Gender Regimes: A Comparative Analysis of Part-time Work

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Abstract:

The paper aims to develop a framework to understand the variant use and structuring of part-time work in the UK and US, and the implications different working-time patterns have for women’s work-life balance. Women’s economic activity has remained stable and high at 69 percent in both the US and the UK. However, working-time patterns among women in the UK and US are quite distinct. For instance, in the UK in 2004, over 40 percent of women in employment worked part-time, while the corresponding figure in the US was less than 20 percent (OECD 2005). How can diversity within liberal regimes be explained? Both countries can be characterised as operating a neo-liberal forms of capitalism (Hall and Soskice 2001) and welfare regimes (Esping-Andersen 1990). However, it is argued in this paper that distinctions within these interwoven systems can be elaborated with a gender sensitive analysis provided through Walby’s Gender Regime theory, which examines the historical transformation to a public gender regime, from a private one. Furthermore, it is argued that the lack of co-ordination between these dimensions, as found in the UK, may explain women’s likelihood of adapting to dual social and economic pressures and opting for part-time work as a means of compromise, which contrasts with the ‘archetypal’ form of liberalism found in the US.

Most Common Document Word Stems:

time (162), work (157), part (119), part-tim (110), women (95), employ (88), welfar (85), gender (67), uk (54), full (54), us (54), regim (45), market (44), hour (41), social (40), state (37), worker (35), full-tim (35), job (31), 2001 (29), percent (29),

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part-time work, UK, US, employment regulation, welfare-states, gender
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MLA Citation:

Tomlinson, Jennifer. "Employment Regulation, Welfare-States and Gender Regimes: A Comparative Analysis of Part-time Work" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Aug 10, 2006 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p104106_index.html>

APA Citation:

Tomlinson, J. , 2006-08-10 "Employment Regulation, Welfare-States and Gender Regimes: A Comparative Analysis of Part-time Work" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Online <PDF>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p104106_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: The paper aims to develop a framework to understand the variant use and structuring of part-time work in the UK and US, and the implications different working-time patterns have for women’s work-life balance. Women’s economic activity has remained stable and high at 69 percent in both the US and the UK. However, working-time patterns among women in the UK and US are quite distinct. For instance, in the UK in 2004, over 40 percent of women in employment worked part-time, while the corresponding figure in the US was less than 20 percent (OECD 2005). How can diversity within liberal regimes be explained? Both countries can be characterised as operating a neo-liberal forms of capitalism (Hall and Soskice 2001) and welfare regimes (Esping-Andersen 1990). However, it is argued in this paper that distinctions within these interwoven systems can be elaborated with a gender sensitive analysis provided through Walby’s Gender Regime theory, which examines the historical transformation to a public gender regime, from a private one. Furthermore, it is argued that the lack of co-ordination between these dimensions, as found in the UK, may explain women’s likelihood of adapting to dual social and economic pressures and opting for part-time work as a means of compromise, which contrasts with the ‘archetypal’ form of liberalism found in the US.

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Document Type: PDF
Page count: 20
Word count: 7694
Text sample:
Employment Regulation Welfare-States and Gender Regimes: A Comparative Analysis of Women’s Part-time Work Introduction The paper aims to develop a framework to better understand the variant use and structuring of part- time work in the UK and US and the implications different working-time patterns have for women’s work-life balance. It examines the extent to which part-time work can be positioned as facilitating work-life balance and the consequences of working part-time or indeed not working part-time for women’s quality of
R. M. (1958) ‘The social division of welfare’ in R.M. Titmuss Essays on the Welfare State. London: Allen and Unwin. Tomlinson J. (2006 in press) ‘Part-time occupational mobility in the service in the service industries: regulation work commitment and occupational closure’ in The Sociological Review Walby S. (2004) ‘The European Union and gender equality: emergent varieties of gender regime.’ Social Politics 11 1 4-29. Walby (1997) Gender Transformations. London: Routledge. Wegner J. (2001) The Continuing Problems with Part-time Jobs


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Welfare Regimes, Women’s Employment and Work-Life Balance

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