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Alcohol and Crime: Beyond Density

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Abstract:

Across the United States, cities have begun limiting the number of liquor licenses they issue. Behind such legislation is a belief that the more alcohol outlets there are, the more problems there will be. However, such a hypothesis has never been tested. This study will examine a mid-size town with a high density of liquor licenses. Looking at crime data over a one year period, and in three different areas, results show that what affects crime the most is not how many liquor licenses there are, but what kinds of licenses exist. Bars that did not promote overconsumption had relatively low crime rates surrounding their establishments, even if they were in a high density area of alcohol outlets. This is compared to bars that had irresponsible serving practices, all of which had very high crime rates around their establishments.

Most Common Document Word Stems:

liquor (78), licens (71), map (65), area (59), alcohol (46), crime (42), univers (41), madison (39), densiti (35), downtown (35), drink (34), 5 (30), citi (28), capitol (26), 0 (26), wisconsin (25), student (22), w (22), violat (21), bar (20), special (20),

Author's Keywords:

alcohol, crime, college drinking
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Name: American Sociological Association
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MLA Citation:

Lugo, William. "Alcohol and Crime: Beyond Density" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Aug 11, 2006 <Not Available>. 2009-05-24 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p104588_index.html>

APA Citation:

Lugo, W. A. , 2006-08-11 "Alcohol and Crime: Beyond Density" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2009-05-24 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p104588_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Across the United States, cities have begun limiting the number of liquor licenses they issue. Behind such legislation is a belief that the more alcohol outlets there are, the more problems there will be. However, such a hypothesis has never been tested. This study will examine a mid-size town with a high density of liquor licenses. Looking at crime data over a one year period, and in three different areas, results show that what affects crime the most is not how many liquor licenses there are, but what kinds of licenses exist. Bars that did not promote overconsumption had relatively low crime rates surrounding their establishments, even if they were in a high density area of alcohol outlets. This is compared to bars that had irresponsible serving practices, all of which had very high crime rates around their establishments.

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Document Type: application/pdf
Page count: 20
Word count: 2695
Text sample:
1  Alcohol and Crime:  Beyond Density  Introduction  2  In 1996  the University of Wisconsin­Madison  was awarded a five year  $700 000 USD grant  from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) to combat high risk drinking.  From this  the  3  RWJ/PACE  Project was formed.  One of the project’s goals (and grant’s requirements) was to  study the issue of high risk drinking from an environmental perspective.  The logic of such an  approach is best summarized by the American Medical Association (AMA)  which oversees the  Matter of Degree grant at UW­Madison  and nine other schools for the RWJF.  The AMA states  that “rather than blame students for their behavior or try to persuade them to stop drinking   participants in A Matter of Degree are identifying the environmental factors such as alcohol  advertising and marketing  institutional policies and practices  local ordinances—even social and  cultural beliefs and behaviors—that converge to encourage alcohol abuse  and work together to  4  create positive changes.”  The hope is that if a college changes the environment in which  students drink  changes in students’ drinking patterns will subsequently be seen.  Thus  liquor  licenses and the alcohol industry are prime targets for the grant’s prevention efforts.  The PACE Project has spent much of their time working with key politicians in the city  of Madison to support this environmental approach.  City administration has responded with  offers of support from Madison’s Alcohol License Review Committee (the body which regulates  liquor licenses in the city) and the Mayor’s Work Group on Downtown Alcohol Issues (a task  force formed by the Mayor’s Office in 1999 to study alcohol related problems in downtown).  Both committees have focused and intensified their efforts on the following issues:  over­  5  saturation  over­serving  capacity issues  and enforcement.  The bulk of their recommendations  have focused on controlling the supply side of the alcohol industry. 1  Along with the city and PACE Project  the University of Wisconsin has also become  involved in Madison’s alcohol issues  more specifically with bar license applications and  renewals.  They have offered their support for any liquor license willing to follow a specific set  of conditions  termed Luther’s Conditions (named after the first bar agreeing to follow them).  The conditions do not allow for drink specials or the serving of intoxicated patrons  the training  of security staff must be approved by the city police department  and the bar must set aside two  nights per month in which it provides alcohol free entertainment.  Luther’s Conditions became an “unofficial” restriction for prospective liquor license  holders to adopt onto their license.  Naturally  it was not very popular with the local tavern  league.  The idea that a public university could step in and have an impact on the outcome of  private businesses was unheard of.  The excessive crime and over­consumption in the downtown/campus area was what  originally prompted the university to apply for the RWJF grant and for the city and university to  work together to pass Luther’s Conditions.  However  the problem of what to do with existing  crime rates and existing liquor licenses with irresponsible serving practices remained.  This study 
Glass.  Journal of American College Health.  Vol. 47  pp 247­252;  Pernanen  K. (1976)  Alcohol  and Crimes of Violence.  In Kissin  B and Begleiter  H. (eds.) Social Aspects of Alcoholism.  New York:  Plenum Press  351­444;  Pernanen  K. (1981)  Theoretical Aspects of the  Relationship between Alcohol and Crime.  In Collins  J.J. (ed.) Drinking and Crime:  Perspectives on the Relationships Between Alcohol Consumption and Criminal Behavior.  New York: Guilford Press; Pernanen  K.  (1991)  Alcohol in Human Violence.  New York:  Guilford Press. 20 


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