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Alcohol and Crime: Beyond Density |
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Abstract:
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Across the United States, cities have begun limiting the number of liquor licenses they issue. Behind such legislation is a belief that the more alcohol outlets there are, the more problems there will be. However, such a hypothesis has never been tested. This study will examine a mid-size town with a high density of liquor licenses. Looking at crime data over a one year period, and in three different areas, results show that what affects crime the most is not how many liquor licenses there are, but what kinds of licenses exist. Bars that did not promote overconsumption had relatively low crime rates surrounding their establishments, even if they were in a high density area of alcohol outlets. This is compared to bars that had irresponsible serving practices, all of which had very high crime rates around their establishments. |
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liquor (78), licens (71), map (65), area (59), alcohol (46), crime (42), univers (41), madison (39), densiti (35), downtown (35), drink (34), 5 (30), citi (28), capitol (26), 0 (26), wisconsin (25), student (22), w (22), violat (21), bar (20), special (20), |
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Association:
Name: American Sociological Association URL: http://www.asanet.org
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Citation:
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MLA Citation:
| Lugo, William. "Alcohol and Crime: Beyond Density" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Aug 11, 2006 <Not Available>. 2009-05-24 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p104588_index.html> |
APA Citation:
| Lugo, W. A. , 2006-08-11 "Alcohol and Crime: Beyond Density" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2009-05-24 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p104588_index.html |
Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Abstract: Across the United States, cities have begun limiting the number of liquor licenses they issue. Behind such legislation is a belief that the more alcohol outlets there are, the more problems there will be. However, such a hypothesis has never been tested. This study will examine a mid-size town with a high density of liquor licenses. Looking at crime data over a one year period, and in three different areas, results show that what affects crime the most is not how many liquor licenses there are, but what kinds of licenses exist. Bars that did not promote overconsumption had relatively low crime rates surrounding their establishments, even if they were in a high density area of alcohol outlets. This is compared to bars that had irresponsible serving practices, all of which had very high crime rates around their establishments. |
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application/pdf |
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20 |
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2695 |
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| 1 Alcohol and Crime: Beyond Density Introduction 2 In 1996 the University of WisconsinMadison was awarded a five year $700 000 USD grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) to combat high risk drinking. From this the 3 RWJ/PACE Project was formed. One of the project’s goals (and grant’s requirements) was to study the issue of high risk drinking from an environmental perspective. The logic of such an approach is best summarized by the American Medical Association (AMA) which oversees the Matter of Degree grant at UWMadison and nine other schools for the RWJF. The AMA states that “rather than blame students for their behavior or try to persuade them to stop drinking participants in A Matter of Degree are identifying the environmental factors such as alcohol advertising and marketing institutional policies and practices local ordinances—even social and cultural beliefs and behaviors—that converge to encourage alcohol abuse and work together to 4 create positive changes.” The hope is that if a college changes the environment in which students drink changes in students’ drinking patterns will subsequently be seen. Thus liquor licenses and the alcohol industry are prime targets for the grant’s prevention efforts. The PACE Project has spent much of their time working with key politicians in the city of Madison to support this environmental approach. City administration has responded with offers of support from Madison’s Alcohol License Review Committee (the body which regulates liquor licenses in the city) and the Mayor’s Work Group on Downtown Alcohol Issues (a task force formed by the Mayor’s Office in 1999 to study alcohol related problems in downtown). Both committees have focused and intensified their efforts on the following issues: over 5 saturation overserving capacity issues and enforcement. The bulk of their recommendations have focused on controlling the supply side of the alcohol industry. 1 Along with the city and PACE Project the University of Wisconsin has also become involved in Madison’s alcohol issues more specifically with bar license applications and renewals. They have offered their support for any liquor license willing to follow a specific set of conditions termed Luther’s Conditions (named after the first bar agreeing to follow them). The conditions do not allow for drink specials or the serving of intoxicated patrons the training of security staff must be approved by the city police department and the bar must set aside two nights per month in which it provides alcohol free entertainment. Luther’s Conditions became an “unofficial” restriction for prospective liquor license holders to adopt onto their license. Naturally it was not very popular with the local tavern league. The idea that a public university could step in and have an impact on the outcome of private businesses was unheard of. The excessive crime and overconsumption in the downtown/campus area was what originally prompted the university to apply for the RWJF grant and for the city and university to work together to pass Luther’s Conditions. However the problem of what to do with existing crime rates and existing liquor licenses with irresponsible serving practices remained. This study |
| Glass. Journal of American College Health. Vol. 47 pp 247252; Pernanen K. (1976) Alcohol and Crimes of Violence. In Kissin B and Begleiter H. (eds.) Social Aspects of Alcoholism. New York: Plenum Press 351444; Pernanen K. (1981) Theoretical Aspects of the Relationship between Alcohol and Crime. In Collins J.J. (ed.) Drinking and Crime: Perspectives on the Relationships Between Alcohol Consumption and Criminal Behavior. New York: Guilford Press; Pernanen K. (1991) Alcohol in Human Violence. New York: Guilford Press. 20 |
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