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Black and Latino Employment and the Social Organization of Metropolitan Labor Markets

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Abstract:

This study provides a broad analysis of black and Latino employment in metropolitan areas by examining the role of residential segregation in comparison with four other key structural explanations for racial metropolitan inequality: industrial composition, minority concentration, immigration, and human capital or skills disparity. The goal of this comparative analysis is to determine whether the spatial configuration of blacks and Latinos relative to whites in a metropolitan area influences minority men and women’s employment rates in the context of the structural conditions of the local labor market. This study expands the analysis of space and work beyond an assessment of the physical distance between minority communities and jobs to a focus on the impact of the isolation of blacks and Latinos in metropolitan labor markets. The study examines the association between the five dimensions of residential segregation and minority employment rates to determine which form of spatial configuration is most detrimental to minority employment. A fixed-effects analysis is employed to assess the impact of residential segregation and the four other structural factors on minority employment rates. This study utilizes a longitudinal dataset of the structural characteristics of the 95 largest US cities from the 1980, 1990, and 2000 Census. This study finds that residential segregation and industrial composition are the key structural characteristic of metropolitan labor markets contributing to employment outcomes for blacks and Latinas. Latino men stood out from the other race/gender groups in that their employment was depressed in cities with higher minority populations and immigration.

Most Common Document Word Stems:

employ (245), segreg (179), black (161), residenti (145), latino (138), metropolitan (76), rate (71), men (67), citi (66), area (60), structur (59), minor (57), women (56), labor (52), market (50), group (48), dimens (41), job (41), measur (37), percent (37), effect (33),

Author's Keywords:

employment, blacks or African-Americans, Latinos or Hispanics, residential segregation
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Name: American Sociological Association
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MLA Citation:

Dickerson, Niki. "Black and Latino Employment and the Social Organization of Metropolitan Labor Markets" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Aug 11, 2006 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p105476_index.html>

APA Citation:

Dickerson, N. T. , 2006-08-11 "Black and Latino Employment and the Social Organization of Metropolitan Labor Markets" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Online <PDF>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p105476_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: This study provides a broad analysis of black and Latino employment in metropolitan areas by examining the role of residential segregation in comparison with four other key structural explanations for racial metropolitan inequality: industrial composition, minority concentration, immigration, and human capital or skills disparity. The goal of this comparative analysis is to determine whether the spatial configuration of blacks and Latinos relative to whites in a metropolitan area influences minority men and women’s employment rates in the context of the structural conditions of the local labor market. This study expands the analysis of space and work beyond an assessment of the physical distance between minority communities and jobs to a focus on the impact of the isolation of blacks and Latinos in metropolitan labor markets. The study examines the association between the five dimensions of residential segregation and minority employment rates to determine which form of spatial configuration is most detrimental to minority employment. A fixed-effects analysis is employed to assess the impact of residential segregation and the four other structural factors on minority employment rates. This study utilizes a longitudinal dataset of the structural characteristics of the 95 largest US cities from the 1980, 1990, and 2000 Census. This study finds that residential segregation and industrial composition are the key structural characteristic of metropolitan labor markets contributing to employment outcomes for blacks and Latinas. Latino men stood out from the other race/gender groups in that their employment was depressed in cities with higher minority populations and immigration.

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Document Type: PDF
Page count: 32
Word count: 9270
Text sample:
Persistent racial disparities in access to employment continue to limit the full economic participation of black and Latino workers in U.S. metropolitan labor markets. Researchers have looked to the structural characteristics of metropolitan labor markets namely industrial structure minority population concentration immigration group skill differentials and spatial mismatch to explain blacks and Latinos’ employment outcomes in metropolitan areas1. (Wilson 1987 Huffman and Cohen 2004 Hammermesh and Bean 1998). These explanatory factors are unified by the notion that the structural
(.19) (.19) (.20) (.19) (.20) White Male (female) .68* .37 .72* .43 .74* .43 Employ. Rate (.34) (.36) (.34) (.37) (.34) (.37) Constant .29 .52 .11 .25 .55 .39 (.29) (.22) (.35) (.29) (.32) (.26) R2 .04 .21 .09 .18 .09 .15 †p<.10 *p<.05 **p<.01 Standard errors are in parentheses White male employment rates are used in Latino male models and white female employment rates are used in Latina female models. Coefficients are unstandardized. 32


Similar Titles:
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Occupational and Residential Segregation: Racial Crowding in Metropolitan Labor Markets

Ethnicity Differences in Local Labor Market Structure Impacts on Employment Hardship and Poverty Rates


 
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