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Academic Performance and Status among Peers in U.S. Middle and High Schools

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Abstract:

I investigate whether academic performance is associated with status among peers in U.S. middle schools and high schools for non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanics. I use data from the in-school wave of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) (n=50,507). These data provide a unique opportunity to test hypotheses derived from the qualitative work of researchers who suggest that "involuntary" minority students who achieve academically are penalized by their peers. Add Health data are nationally representative of students in grades 7-12, include independent measures of popularity, and allow racial/ethnic comparisons. I estimate negative binomial regression models separately for males and females predicting the number of friendship nominations adolescents receive from other students in their school. I do this first for nominations from all students and then from students of the same sex and race. I focus on the effect of grade point average, and I use interaction terms to test for racial/ethnic differences. Next, I run separate models by student race and sex and racial/ethnic composition of their school. I find that overall, academic performance and popularity are positively associated among U.S. adolescents, but this relation is not particularly strong. Among Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks, friendships with students of the same race and sex are not significantly related to performance except among females in high minority schools. However, among Blacks and Hispanics the association is never negative and statistically significant, so there does not appear to be an oppositional culture towards school among these minority groups.

Most Common Document Word Stems:

school (153), student (115), black (70), white (57), hispan (57), group (48), 04 (39), perform (39), male (37), femal (35), racial/ethnic (33), among (32), race (32), academ (32), 0 (30), nomin (29), 06 (27), differ (27), number (27), peer (27), associ (26),

Author's Keywords:

race, ethnicity, adolescence, peers, academic performance, oppositional culture
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Name: American Sociological Association
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http://www.asanet.org


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MLA Citation:

Stoner-Eby, Scott. "Academic Performance and Status among Peers in U.S. Middle and High Schools" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta Hilton Hotel, Atlanta, GA, Aug 16, 2003 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p106655_index.html>

APA Citation:

Stoner-Eby, S. , 2003-08-16 "Academic Performance and Status among Peers in U.S. Middle and High Schools" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta Hilton Hotel, Atlanta, GA Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p106655_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: I investigate whether academic performance is associated with status among peers in U.S. middle schools and high schools for non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanics. I use data from the in-school wave of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) (n=50,507). These data provide a unique opportunity to test hypotheses derived from the qualitative work of researchers who suggest that "involuntary" minority students who achieve academically are penalized by their peers. Add Health data are nationally representative of students in grades 7-12, include independent measures of popularity, and allow racial/ethnic comparisons. I estimate negative binomial regression models separately for males and females predicting the number of friendship nominations adolescents receive from other students in their school. I do this first for nominations from all students and then from students of the same sex and race. I focus on the effect of grade point average, and I use interaction terms to test for racial/ethnic differences. Next, I run separate models by student race and sex and racial/ethnic composition of their school. I find that overall, academic performance and popularity are positively associated among U.S. adolescents, but this relation is not particularly strong. Among Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks, friendships with students of the same race and sex are not significantly related to performance except among females in high minority schools. However, among Blacks and Hispanics the association is never negative and statistically significant, so there does not appear to be an oppositional culture towards school among these minority groups.

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Document Type: .PDF
Page count: 23
Word count: 5802
Text sample:
Academic Performance and Status among Peers in U.S. Middle and High Schools Scott Stoner-Eby Ph.D. Carolina Population Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [This is a draft which will be worked on more before the 2003 ASA Meeting. Do not quote or distribute without the author’s permission.] Paper prepared for submission to the 2003 annual meeting of the American Sociological Association. First choice Regular Session: Race and Ethnicity Second choice Section on Sociology of Children and Youth
and Simons H.D. 1998. “Voluntary and Involuntary Minorities: A Cultural- Ecological Theory of School Performance with Some Implications for Education.” Anthropology and Education Quarterly 29(2): 155-188. Steinberg L. Dornbusch S.M. and Brown B.B. 1992. “Ethnic Differences in Adolescent Achievement.” American Psychologist 47(6): 723-729. Stinchcombe A. 1964. Rebellion in a High School. Chicago IL: Quadrangle Books. Turner R. 1964. The Social Context of Ambition. Chandler Publishing Company. Waller W. 1932. The Sociology of Teaching. New York: Russell and Russell. Willis


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