Author's Keywords: racial identity, academic achievement, social construction, blackness	Convention All Academic Convention makes running your annual conference simple and cost effective. It is your online solution for abstract management, peer review, and scheduling for your annual meeting or convention. Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: American Sociological Association URL: http://www.asanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p106887_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Williams, Marcia. "School Culture, Academic Achievement and the Social Construction of Blackness" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta Hilton Hotel, Atlanta, GA, Aug 16, 2003 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p106887_index.html>

Williams, M. L. , 2003-08-16 "School Culture, Academic Achievement and the Social Construction of Blackness" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta Hilton Hotel, Atlanta, GA Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p106887_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: Abstract: Despite the legal, political and economic changes that America has made since the Civil Rights Era, the racial disparity in academic achievement continues. Over the past several years, a number of theories have been developed to explain this dilemma. My research was inspired by John Ogbu�s �Oppositional Culture� theory, which state�s that the racial gap is due to black student�s failure to apply themselves academically because of the black community�s conception of school as �white�. While I found this argument compelling, it seemed to me that school�s also play a significant role in framing academic arena�s as �white�. To test this hypothesis, I conducted a 5 month ethnographic study at a Minneapolis based alternative school. The preliminary findings of my research at MFS suggest that, while Ogbu may be accurate in his assertion that many black students believe that school is �white� his assumptions about how and where this belief is constructed are problematic. The belief that school and academics are �white� results, not from a cultural perspective that black students bring to school, but from a dialectical relationship between the school and the black community. Thus, any effort to eradicate the racial gap in academic achievement must include an examination of the way that school�s construct �blackness� and �whiteness� in ways that either inhibit or promote academic achievement.

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