Author's Keywords: carbon dioxide, cross-national, developing world	Convention All Academic Convention is the premier solution for your association's abstract management solutions needs. Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: American Sociological Association URL: http://www.asanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p107211_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Shandra, John. "Non-Governmental Organizations, Political Protest, Democracy, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions: A Cross-National Analysis of Less Developed Countries" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta Hilton Hotel, Atlanta, GA, Aug 16, 2003 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p107211_index.html>

Shandra, J. M. , 2003-08-16 "Non-Governmental Organizations, Political Protest, Democracy, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions: A Cross-National Analysis of Less Developed Countries" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta Hilton Hotel, Atlanta, GA Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p107211_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: In recent years, there has been increasing attention by both researchers and policy makers directed at the role civil society plays in the reduction of environmental degradation throughout the developing world. This is the first quantitative, cross-national study to incorporate predictors designed to test hypotheses linking carbon dioxide emissions to civil society. The study is based on a sample of fifty-nine developing countries using panel regression. First, our major findings are quite clear with respect to one aspect of political modernization theory that developing countries with high levels of civil society density have lower levels of carbon dioxide emissions. Indicators of international, non-governmental organization density and political strike density exert a negative and significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions. Second, our results support hypotheses derived from other aspects of political modernization theory that the level of political democracy maintains a u-shaped relationship with carbon dioxide emissions. Third, we also find support for neo-Malthusian theory that population growth exerts a positive effect on carbon dioxide emissions. Fourth, the level of economic development, an indicator of economic modernization theory, maintains a positive and significant effect on the dependent variable. Finally, we find support for ecological evolutionary arguments that both agricultural density and urban agglomeration tend to decrease carbon dioxide emissions.

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Does the Globalization of Foreign Investment Harm the Air We Breathe and the Water We Drink? A Cross-National Study of Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Organic Water Pollution in Less-Developed Countries, 1975-2000