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Immigrant Skill Recognition in Professional, Managerial, and Other Occupations of the Emerging Knowledge Economy |
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Abstract:
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Although immigrants in many countries today are recruited on the basis of education and skills intended to enable employment in occupations and professions of the emerging knowledge economy, their actual employment in such occupations often falls short of expectation. The discounting of immigrant skills has been attributed either to (a) the low quality or limited transferability of those skills, and (b) non-recognition of those skills because of employer bias or ignorance, resistance by protectionist professional groups, or various other social and bureaucratic obstacles. This paper examines variations among professional and managerial occupations in the immigrant skill validation process in Canada, based on census sample data for immigrants arriving between 1970 and 1996. Post-secondary educational credentials of immigrants are significantly discounted in competition for the pest-paid professional jobs, but the extent of discounting is greater in managerial occupations, (particularly at the BA level) and most significant outside knowledge occupations, where skill levels are lower. These findings support the hypothesis that the more professionalized the occupations, the more rigorous the institutional procedures to evaluate education-based job qualifications, and the greater the likelihood that the foreign qualifications of immigrants, particularly women and racial minorities, will be properly assessed. Over time, despite increases in professional standards, immigrant access to occupations in the knowledge class have declined, suggesting that other factors are weakening the credential assessment process. |
Most Common Document Word Stems:
0.000 (255), immigr (229), occup (220), knowledg (154), educ (138), post (111), degre (109), earn (100), born (75), skill (75), nativ (72), may (72), women (71), qualif (69), native-born (69), men (64), level (63), profession (61), base (56), increas (53), secondari (49), |
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Association:
Name: American Sociological Association
URL: http://www.asanet.org
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Citation:
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MLA Citation:
| Reitz, Jeffrey. "Immigrant Skill Recognition in Professional, Managerial, and Other Occupations of the Emerging Knowledge Economy" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta Hilton Hotel, Atlanta, GA, Aug 16, 2003 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p107825_index.html> |
APA Citation:
| Reitz, J. G. , 2003-08-16 "Immigrant Skill Recognition in Professional, Managerial, and Other Occupations of the Emerging Knowledge Economy" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta Hilton Hotel, Atlanta, GA Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p107825_index.html |
Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: Although immigrants in many countries today are recruited on the basis of education and skills intended to enable employment in occupations and professions of the emerging knowledge economy, their actual employment in such occupations often falls short of expectation. The discounting of immigrant skills has been attributed either to (a) the low quality or limited transferability of those skills, and (b) non-recognition of those skills because of employer bias or ignorance, resistance by protectionist professional groups, or various other social and bureaucratic obstacles. This paper examines variations among professional and managerial occupations in the immigrant skill validation process in Canada, based on census sample data for immigrants arriving between 1970 and 1996. Post-secondary educational credentials of immigrants are significantly discounted in competition for the pest-paid professional jobs, but the extent of discounting is greater in managerial occupations, (particularly at the BA level) and most significant outside knowledge occupations, where skill levels are lower. These findings support the hypothesis that the more professionalized the occupations, the more rigorous the institutional procedures to evaluate education-based job qualifications, and the greater the likelihood that the foreign qualifications of immigrants, particularly women and racial minorities, will be properly assessed. Over time, despite increases in professional standards, immigrant access to occupations in the knowledge class have declined, suggesting that other factors are weakening the credential assessment process. |
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| Document Type: |
.PDF |
| Page count: |
46 |
| Word count: |
12153 |
| Text sample: |
| IMMIGRANT SKILL RECOGNITION IN PROFESSIONAL MANAGERIAL AND OTHER OCCUPATIONS OF THE EMERGING KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY Jeffrey G. Reitz University of Toronto January 2003 The research has been supported by a grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. The technical assistance of Michelle Maneck and Stephanie Choquette is gratefully acknowledged. Contact the author at: University of Toronto Munk Centre for International Studies 1 Devonshire Place Toronto Ont M5S 3K7 Canada; Tel 416-946-8993 Fax 416-946-8915; jeffrey.reitz@utoronto.ca; www.utoronto.ca/ethnicstudies/reitz.html ii |
| Equation 1 with 15 terms added for interactions between 42 three education levels and five racial categories there are BA-race interactions which are negative (between -3500 and -7800 in 1996 dollars) and significant (at or very near the 0.05 level) for Black Chinese and South Asian men and women and for Filipino men. Most of the other education/race interactions are also negative but none are near significance. (One coefficient for the interaction between BA degree and Other Non-European origins |
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Highly Skilled Immigrants in the U.S. Labor Market: Job Context and Earnings Competition with Natives
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