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American Intolerance: The Persistence of Racism in Public Opinion, Voting, and Public Policy in the United States

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Abstract:

In previous work I developed a scale of raw racism using questions that appeared in the 1992 National Election Studies (but that originated in the 1990 GSS and have been retained there since), finding alarmingly high levels of racism. (These questions solicited individuals' ratings of the intelligence, laziness and peacefulness of blacks, whites, Asians and Hispanics, and thus allow one to view individuals’ comparative ratings of various groups.) I then used that scale to explore the relationship between raw racism on the one hand with symbolic racism and ideology on the other, as well as to replicate and expand on Sniderman, et al.’s work on the “principle-policy puzzle.” In this paper I will update and expand upon my earlier findings, continuing to examine the relationship among racism, ideology, policy preferences, and policy results. Most importantly, I will test whether changes in the socio-political landscape since 1992 have changed the relationships among the various factors, and examine trends in response patterns over the ten-year period, 1990-2000. I will also take up the question of the construct validity of various theories of symbolic or modern racism, and discuss whether they continue to have value in the public and academic discourse over racism given their high error rates, the harsh consequences of those errors, and the renewed possibility of measuring racism more directly. I will conclude by conducting and reporting on a "census" of both academic and media polls that deal with issues of race and racism with a special eye on trends and patterns that complement or supplement the range of issues and themes discussed here already from academic polls.

Author's Keywords:

racism, symbolic racism, Sniderman, policy
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Association:
Name: American Association for Public Opinion Research
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http://www.aapor.org


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URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p116324_index.html
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MLA Citation:

Bloom, Joel. "American Intolerance: The Persistence of Racism in Public Opinion, Voting, and Public Policy in the United States" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Sheraton Music City, Nashville, TN, Aug 16, 2003 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p116324_index.html>

APA Citation:

Bloom, J. D. , 2003-08-16 "American Intolerance: The Persistence of Racism in Public Opinion, Voting, and Public Policy in the United States" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Sheraton Music City, Nashville, TN <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p116324_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: In previous work I developed a scale of raw racism using questions that appeared in the 1992 National Election Studies (but that originated in the 1990 GSS and have been retained there since), finding alarmingly high levels of racism. (These questions solicited individuals' ratings of the intelligence, laziness and peacefulness of blacks, whites, Asians and Hispanics, and thus allow one to view individuals’ comparative ratings of various groups.) I then used that scale to explore the relationship between raw racism on the one hand with symbolic racism and ideology on the other, as well as to replicate and expand on Sniderman, et al.’s work on the “principle-policy puzzle.” In this paper I will update and expand upon my earlier findings, continuing to examine the relationship among racism, ideology, policy preferences, and policy results. Most importantly, I will test whether changes in the socio-political landscape since 1992 have changed the relationships among the various factors, and examine trends in response patterns over the ten-year period, 1990-2000. I will also take up the question of the construct validity of various theories of symbolic or modern racism, and discuss whether they continue to have value in the public and academic discourse over racism given their high error rates, the harsh consequences of those errors, and the renewed possibility of measuring racism more directly. I will conclude by conducting and reporting on a "census" of both academic and media polls that deal with issues of race and racism with a special eye on trends and patterns that complement or supplement the range of issues and themes discussed here already from academic polls.

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