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The Influence of Group Membership on Participation: A Study of Voters' Reactions to Female Candidates in the 1998 U.S. House Elections

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Abstract:

Individuals’ assessment of candidates is a critical aspect of their decision to vote. One way in which voters evaluate candidates is by using stereotypes associated with the candidates’ politically salient traits (Rahn 1993). A candidate characteristic, for example as female or Latino, influences a voter’s assessments of that candidate, and possibly his or her vote choice, but does it influence whether or not a voter chooses to participate? I hypothesize that the presence of a female candidate increases women’s voter turnout, but decreases voter turnout among men. Using data from the 1998 House elections, I attempt to test these hypotheses. I first determine where female candidates are likely to run based on a set of district-level and election-specific variables. Then, controlling for individual factors that influence exposure to one or more female candidates, I use kernel matching and a difference of means test to estimate how the presence of female candidates affects voter participation. The results of this study suggest that women participate in higher numbers when a female candidate runs while men are not influenced.

Most Common Document Word Stems:

candid (220), femal (143), district (109), polit (98), voter (95), individu (93), group (79), propens (74), score (71), women (67), level (61), particip (54), vote (52), influenc (52), men (47), variabl (46), sampl (43), use (41), gender (41), mean (41), turnout (41),

Author's Keywords:

voting, group membership, participation, female candidates, matching, propensity scores
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Association:
Name: The Midwest Political Science Association
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http://www.indiana.edu/~mpsa/


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MLA Citation:

Gallagher, Katherine. "The Influence of Group Membership on Participation: A Study of Voters' Reactions to Female Candidates in the 1998 U.S. House Elections" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the The Midwest Political Science Association, Palmer House Hilton, Chicago, Illinois, Apr 20, 2006 <Not Available>. 2009-05-25 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p137735_index.html>

APA Citation:

Gallagher, K. , 2006-04-20 "The Influence of Group Membership on Participation: A Study of Voters' Reactions to Female Candidates in the 1998 U.S. House Elections" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the The Midwest Political Science Association, Palmer House Hilton, Chicago, Illinois Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2009-05-25 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p137735_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Individuals’ assessment of candidates is a critical aspect of their decision to vote. One way in which voters evaluate candidates is by using stereotypes associated with the candidates’ politically salient traits (Rahn 1993). A candidate characteristic, for example as female or Latino, influences a voter’s assessments of that candidate, and possibly his or her vote choice, but does it influence whether or not a voter chooses to participate? I hypothesize that the presence of a female candidate increases women’s voter turnout, but decreases voter turnout among men. Using data from the 1998 House elections, I attempt to test these hypotheses. I first determine where female candidates are likely to run based on a set of district-level and election-specific variables. Then, controlling for individual factors that influence exposure to one or more female candidates, I use kernel matching and a difference of means test to estimate how the presence of female candidates affects voter participation. The results of this study suggest that women participate in higher numbers when a female candidate runs while men are not influenced.

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Associated Document Available The Midwest Political Science Association
Abstract Only All Academic Inc.
Associated Document Available Political Research Online

Document Type: application/pdf
Page count: 37
Word count: 11345
Text sample:
THE INFLUENCE OF GROUP MEMBERSHIP ON PARTICIPATION: A STUDY OF VOTERS’ REACTIONS TO FEMALE CANDIDATES IN THE1998 U.S. HOUSE ELECTIONS KATHERINE GALLAGHER* Individuals’ assessment of candidates is a critical aspect of their decision to vote. One way in which voters evaluate candidates is by using stereotypes associated with the candidates’ politically salient traits (Rahn 1993). A candidate characteristic for example as female or Latino influences a voter’s assessments of that candidate and possibly his or her vote choice but
87.30 75.40 *** 0.00 Region 0.28 0.30 0.56 Density 3794.12 1968.23 ** 0.01 Incumbent in Race 0.09 0.11 0.72 Partisanship 0.55 0.50 ** 0.01 significant at p<.1* p<.05** p<.01*** n=435 19 In the 1998 NES respondents were sampled from 127 districts 38 of which had one or more female candidates in 1998. This means that the sample from the NES includes only one-third of the districts who had female candidates in 1998. 37


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