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"Elite of the Elite"? Power and Women's Appointment to Cabinet in Post-Industrial and Recently-Democratized Nations

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Abstract:

With the large number of transitions away from authoritarian rule in the late twentieth century and the seeming “triumph” of democratic government, a good deal of recent scholarship has focused on the performance of democracy in both newly established and long-standing democratic systems. One area of performance where democracies vary substantially is in the number of women holding positions of power in appointive governmental positions. Only a very few scholars have investigated the causes of the cross-national gap in women’s appointment to cabinet posts, however, and most of those are case studies, small-n studies, or are limited to only one point in time. Using a pooled cross-sectional time-series analysis, this paper examines the determinants of women’s representation at the cabinet level in both long-established and more recently formed democracies, paying special attention to the role that different institutional structures play in producing differing levels of women’s representation in the executive branch. The results indicate that democratic political institutions do matter, with power-sharing structures playing either an indirect but positive role in shaping the number of women elected to parliament, or a direct but negative role in reducing the number of women holding cabinet portfolios. These findings suggest that further research is needed to determine how institutional structures are mediating traditional influences to produce different levels of women’s representation, both in legislatures and in cabinets.

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women (165), cabinet (71), represent (52), parti (51), polit (51), appoint (48), democraci (38), level (35), system (32), govern (30), parliament (28), influenc (27), consensus (27), posit (27), 1997 (26), institut (25), 1994 (25), 2002 (24), 1999 (22), execut (21), 2000 (20),
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Name: American Political Science Association
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Slocum-Schaffer, Stephanie. and Bohrer, Robert. ""Elite of the Elite"? Power and Women's Appointment to Cabinet in Post-Industrial and Recently-Democratized Nations" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott, Loews Philadelphia, and the Pennsylvania Convention Center, Philadelphia, PA, Aug 31, 2006 <Not Available>. 2009-05-24 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p152138_index.html>

APA Citation:

Slocum-Schaffer, S. A. and Bohrer, R. E. , 2006-08-31 ""Elite of the Elite"? Power and Women's Appointment to Cabinet in Post-Industrial and Recently-Democratized Nations" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott, Loews Philadelphia, and the Pennsylvania Convention Center, Philadelphia, PA Online <PDF>. 2009-05-24 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p152138_index.html

Publication Type: Proceeding
Abstract: With the large number of transitions away from authoritarian rule in the late twentieth century and the seeming “triumph” of democratic government, a good deal of recent scholarship has focused on the performance of democracy in both newly established and long-standing democratic systems. One area of performance where democracies vary substantially is in the number of women holding positions of power in appointive governmental positions. Only a very few scholars have investigated the causes of the cross-national gap in women’s appointment to cabinet posts, however, and most of those are case studies, small-n studies, or are limited to only one point in time. Using a pooled cross-sectional time-series analysis, this paper examines the determinants of women’s representation at the cabinet level in both long-established and more recently formed democracies, paying special attention to the role that different institutional structures play in producing differing levels of women’s representation in the executive branch. The results indicate that democratic political institutions do matter, with power-sharing structures playing either an indirect but positive role in shaping the number of women elected to parliament, or a direct but negative role in reducing the number of women holding cabinet portfolios. These findings suggest that further research is needed to determine how institutional structures are mediating traditional influences to produce different levels of women’s representation, both in legislatures and in cabinets.

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Associated Document Available Political Research Online
Associated Document Available American Political Science Association

Document Type: PDF
Page count: 26
Word count: 6219
Text sample:
Elite of the Elite? Power and Women’s Appointment to Cabinets in Post-Industrial and Recently Democratized Nations* Robert E. Bohrer II Stephanie A. Slocum-Schaffer Department of Political Science Department of Political Science Gettysburg College Shepherd University 300 N. Washington St. Box 406 Box 3210 Gettysburg PA 17325 Shepherdstown WV 25443-3210 Phone: 717-337-6042 Phone: 304-876-5347 Email: rbohrer@gettysburg.edu Email: sslocums@shepherd.edu *Prepared for delivery at the 2006 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association August 30-September 3 2006. Copyright by the American
25 Table 4: Women & Cabinet in 33 Democracies 1994 1998 & 2005 Unstandardized Robust Standard Variable Coefficient Error Women in Parliament 0.480*** 0.183 Women in Workforce 0.779*** 0.188 GDPCAP 0.00006 0.0001 Suffrage -0.0453 0.088 Consensus -1.357 * 0.904 Constant -9.41 7.02 R2 = .59 N = 95 *p<.10 ** p< .05 *** p<.01 (one-tailed) 26


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