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Transforming Genes and University Research: Agricultural Biotechnology, University-Industry Research Collaborations, and Professional Science Values |
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Abstract:
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Over the past three decades, legal decisions and legislative changes regarding research-funding and intellectual property in the United States have sought to integrate research universities into the knowledge economy. Because these changes have often targeted university genetics research programs, especially those related to agricultural biotechnology, a study of how university agricultural biotechnology research agendas are affected by funding sources and scientist research values may yield important insights into the society-science relationship. Through a nation-wide survey of 912 agricultural biotechnology scientists at 60 research universities, we asked scientists to rate their research projects on a continuum from basic to applied and from non-excludable to excludable. We included scales to measure scientist values related to the social implications of their research and also asked them to list funding sources. Our analysis reveals a dynamic relationship between values and funding sources on research agendas. Funding source influences research on the basic-applied continuum, but not excludability. In contrast, scientists’ diverse value orientations have substantial effects on both the basic-applied continuum and the excludable-nonexcludable continuum. The implications for the university’s contributions to public-interest research are profound. Universities need to maintain strong incentives for public-science research and the public sector must insure adequate public research funds to complement private-sector research investments at universities in order to preserve the university’s significant role in conducting basic and non-excludable research. |
Most Common Document Word Stems:
research (113), univers (94), scienc (63), scientist (53), public (46), valu (41), fund (39), biotechnolog (37), agricultur (35), basic (27), model (26), variabl (24), privat (24), academ (24), agenda (22), industri (22), sourc (21), appli (21), exclud (21), 1 (21), state (20), |
Author's Keywords:
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biotechnology, university-industry relations, academic capitalism, genomics |
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Association:
Name: American Sociological Association
URL: http://www.asanet.org
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Citation:
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MLA Citation:
| Glenna, Leland., Welsh, Rick., Lacy, William. and Biscotti, Dina. "Transforming Genes and University Research: Agricultural Biotechnology, University-Industry Research Collaborations, and Professional Science Values" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, TBA, New York, New York City, Aug 11, 2007 <Not Available>. 2009-05-24 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p177190_index.html> |
APA Citation:
| Glenna, L. L., Welsh, R. , Lacy, W. B. and Biscotti, D. , 2007-08-11 "Transforming Genes and University Research: Agricultural Biotechnology, University-Industry Research Collaborations, and Professional Science Values" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, TBA, New York, New York City Online <PDF>. 2009-05-24 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p177190_index.html |
Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Over the past three decades, legal decisions and legislative changes regarding research-funding and intellectual property in the United States have sought to integrate research universities into the knowledge economy. Because these changes have often targeted university genetics research programs, especially those related to agricultural biotechnology, a study of how university agricultural biotechnology research agendas are affected by funding sources and scientist research values may yield important insights into the society-science relationship. Through a nation-wide survey of 912 agricultural biotechnology scientists at 60 research universities, we asked scientists to rate their research projects on a continuum from basic to applied and from non-excludable to excludable. We included scales to measure scientist values related to the social implications of their research and also asked them to list funding sources. Our analysis reveals a dynamic relationship between values and funding sources on research agendas. Funding source influences research on the basic-applied continuum, but not excludability. In contrast, scientists’ diverse value orientations have substantial effects on both the basic-applied continuum and the excludable-nonexcludable continuum. The implications for the university’s contributions to public-interest research are profound. Universities need to maintain strong incentives for public-science research and the public sector must insure adequate public research funds to complement private-sector research investments at universities in order to preserve the university’s significant role in conducting basic and non-excludable research. |
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| Document Type: |
PDF |
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19 |
| Word count: |
5275 |
| Text sample: |
| Transforming Genes and University Research: Agricultural Biotechnology University-Industry Research Collaborations and Professional Science Values Leland Glenna Pennsylvania State University llg@psu.edu Rick Welsh Clarkson University welshjr@clarkson.edu 315-268-3988 William Lacy UC Davis Dina Biscotti UC Davis Abstract. Over the past three decades legal decisions and legislative changes regarding research-funding and intellectual property in the United States have sought to integrate research universities into the knowledge economy. Because these changes have often targeted university genetics research programs especially those related to agricultural |
| Percent Focus on excludable public benefits Public Focus on Science field Basicness Citizens set scale agenda basic v citizen applied science Percent Citizens as arbiters applied Scientists set agenda expert science Scientists as arbiters Industry Non-profit Other 19 |
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