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Association: Name: International Studies Association 48th Annual Convention URL: http://www.isanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p180868_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Adibe, Clement. "Once Bitten, Twice Shy: The Evolution of U.S. Policy on the Crisis in the Darfur Region of Sudan" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association 48th Annual Convention, Hilton Chicago, CHICAGO, IL, USA, Feb 28, 2007 <Not Available>. 2009-05-24 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p180868_index.html>

Adibe, C. E. , 2007-02-28 "Once Bitten, Twice Shy: The Evolution of U.S. Policy on the Crisis in the Darfur Region of Sudan" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association 48th Annual Convention, Hilton Chicago, CHICAGO, IL, USA Online <PDF>. 2009-05-24 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p180868_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Abstract: In the aftermath of the genocide that occurred in Rwanda in 1994, the United States was roundly criticized for creating an enabling environment that discouraged robust international action that could have prevented the Rwandan genocide (Dallaire, 2004; Barnett, 2002). As President Clinton had acknowledged in 1998: ?We did not immediately call these crimes by their rightful name: genocide? (in Barnett, 2002:154). A decade later, yet another human tragedy is occurring in Africa, in Sudan?s Darfur region, where thousands of Bantu (Black) Sudanese citizens have been killed by Arab militia, their fellow citizens. Unlike in Rwanda, however, the United States has been far ahead of other international actors, including the United Nations and the African Union, in characterizing the Darfur tragedy as a genocide. This development is significant and raises two crucial questions: 1) Given the relative strategic insignficance of the Sudan to American national interests (O?Sullivan, 2002), why would the United States take the lead in charaterizing the Darfur crisis as a genocide? 2) What impact will the American action have on the processes of conflict resolution in the Darfur region?In examining the evolution of US policy on Darfur, this paper will test the validity of three competing hypotheses on why the United State framed its Darfur policy around the occurrence of a genocide. The first is that the Bush administration was merely pandering to powerful domestic constituencies, especially conservative evangelical Christian groups and highly visible African-American republican appointees who interepreted the problems in the Sudan in simple religious and racial terms. The second is that the Bush administration saw in Darfur an opportunity to enforce its policy of pre-emption by confronting and containing the threat of Islamic fundamentalism as part of its overall war against terrorism. I shall argue in this paper, however, that America?s Darfur policy is the product of a learning curve that began with the moral outrage that followed the abandonment of Rwanda?s Tutsi minority by the international community in 1994.

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The Politics of Genocide: Comparing International Media Coverage of the Sudanese Conflict in Security Council Permanent Member States

Multi-Level Governance and Civil Society: Comparing Non-State Actors in International Organizations Theoretical Aspects on NGO- Participation in the United Nations and the European Union