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Rethinking Social Capital Theory: Stasis and Change in Low-Income Communities

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Abstract:

The interest in the question of how social capital relates to economic and political development has become something of a scholarly fixation in the last ten years. While the concept has generated much debate, surprisingly few people have questioned the basic proposition that social capital is the key to developing strong institutions, particularly in poor communities. It is frequently argued that organizations must strive to harness whatever “positive” social capital exists in the area in which they work and strengthen it in order to bring about long-term changes. In this paper I argue something different. Namely, I propose that the existence of social capital—defined as an investment of resources in social relationships with the expectation of a return to that investment—can be a barrier to collective action and institutional change. In other words, the more individuals in a community invest in social capital, the more they become inclined toward social, political, and economic conservatism as a means of protecting their investments. Accordingly, I propose that it is only through the destruction or obsolescence of preexisting social capital—through either exogenous shocks or endogenous entrepreneurship—that meaningful change can be realized.

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social (240), capit (207), invest (92), theori (45), individu (33), may (30), norm (29), argu (26), group (24), creat (23), communiti (22), relationship (22), like (20), villag (20), rethink (20), laura (19), peopl (19), famili (19), locker (19), use (18), econom (18),

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Social capital, collective action, institutional change, poverty, development
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Name: American Sociological Association
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Locker, Laura. "Rethinking Social Capital Theory: Stasis and Change in Low-Income Communities" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, TBA, New York, New York City, Aug 11, 2007 <Not Available>. 2009-05-24 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p184047_index.html>

APA Citation:

Locker, L. A. , 2007-08-11 "Rethinking Social Capital Theory: Stasis and Change in Low-Income Communities" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, TBA, New York, New York City Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2009-05-24 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p184047_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: The interest in the question of how social capital relates to economic and political development has become something of a scholarly fixation in the last ten years. While the concept has generated much debate, surprisingly few people have questioned the basic proposition that social capital is the key to developing strong institutions, particularly in poor communities. It is frequently argued that organizations must strive to harness whatever “positive” social capital exists in the area in which they work and strengthen it in order to bring about long-term changes. In this paper I argue something different. Namely, I propose that the existence of social capital—defined as an investment of resources in social relationships with the expectation of a return to that investment—can be a barrier to collective action and institutional change. In other words, the more individuals in a community invest in social capital, the more they become inclined toward social, political, and economic conservatism as a means of protecting their investments. Accordingly, I propose that it is only through the destruction or obsolescence of preexisting social capital—through either exogenous shocks or endogenous entrepreneurship—that meaningful change can be realized.

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Document Type: application/pdf
Page count: 19
Word count: 7115
Text sample:
Rethinking Social Capital Theory: Stasis and Change in Low-Income Communities Laura Locker The interest in the question of how social capital relates to economic and political development has become something of a scholarly fixation in the last ten years. While the concept has generated much debate surprisingly few people have questioned the basic proposition that social capital is the key to developing strong institutions particularly in poor communities. It is frequently argued that organizations must strive to harness whatever
James C. 1985. Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. New Haven: Yale University Press. Southwold-Llewellyn Sarah. “Public versus Private Domains: A Case Study of a Sri Lankan ROSCA.” In Livelihood and Microfinance: Anthropological and Sociological Perspectives on Savings and Debt Hotze Lont and Otto Hospes eds. Stack Carol. 1974. All Our Kin: Strategies for Survival in a Black Community. New York: Harper& Row. Steinberg Ronnie J. and Deborah M. Figart. January 1999. “Emotional Labor Since the


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