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Sex Differences in Cognitive Aging: Results from the Health and Retirement Study |
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Abstract:
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In this paper we empirically assess sex differences in aging-related trajectories of cognitive performance using measures of memory performance adapted for use in sample surveys. We apply latent growth curve models to national survey data from the Health and Retirement Study based on probability samples of cohorts born from the early 1900s to 1947 (N = 17,354). A key contribution of the present study is the introduction of the hypothesis that sex differences in cognitive performance may in fact be confounded with differences in life expectancy between men and women. In other words, between-sex group age differences are not equivalent indications of “aging,” suggesting that age may not be the correct metric for expressing differences in cognitive change over the life span. We therefore introduce “life expectancy” as the metric of time – i.e., distance from death rather than distance from birth – as a potentially more informative metric for evaluating sex differences in patterns of cognitive aging in middle and older age. |
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differ (150), model (142), age (134), sex (126), cognit (112), life (48), recal (47), 2 (46), expect (43), measur (41), perform (39), word (38), base (37), 3 (36), tabl (34), use (33), result (33), chang (32), level (29), women (28), men (28), |
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Association:
Name: American Sociological Association URL: http://www.asanet.org
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Citation:
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MLA Citation:
| Alwin, Duane., Wray, Linda., Tufis, Paula., McCammon, Ryan. and Rodgers, Willard. "Sex Differences in Cognitive Aging: Results from the Health and Retirement Study" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, TBA, New York, New York City, Aug 11, 2007 <Not Available>. 2009-05-24 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p184493_index.html> |
APA Citation:
| Alwin, D. F., Wray, L. A., Tufis, P. A., McCammon, R. J. and Rodgers, W. L. , 2007-08-11 "Sex Differences in Cognitive Aging: Results from the Health and Retirement Study" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, TBA, New York, New York City Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2009-05-24 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p184493_index.html |
Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Abstract: In this paper we empirically assess sex differences in aging-related trajectories of cognitive performance using measures of memory performance adapted for use in sample surveys. We apply latent growth curve models to national survey data from the Health and Retirement Study based on probability samples of cohorts born from the early 1900s to 1947 (N = 17,354). A key contribution of the present study is the introduction of the hypothesis that sex differences in cognitive performance may in fact be confounded with differences in life expectancy between men and women. In other words, between-sex group age differences are not equivalent indications of “aging,” suggesting that age may not be the correct metric for expressing differences in cognitive change over the life span. We therefore introduce “life expectancy” as the metric of time – i.e., distance from death rather than distance from birth – as a potentially more informative metric for evaluating sex differences in patterns of cognitive aging in middle and older age. |
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| Document Type: |
application/pdf |
| Page count: |
31 |
| Word count: |
7323 |
| Text sample: |
| SEX DIFFERENCES IN PATTERNS OF COGNITIVE AGING: RESULTS FROM THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY INTRODUCTION A large body of literature documents individual differences in age-related changes in cognitive test performance from midlife onward. Sex (or gender) is one factor that may account for some of these individual differences; and there are arguably many differences between men and women’s lives that can affect processes of cognition and aging.1 While differences in health and cognition are likely related to life cycle |
| -0.11306*** -0.11306*** -0.09516*** -0.09516*** -0.10875*** -0.10875*** -0.08941*** -0.08941*** γI ADL -0.09065*** -0.09065*** -0.11244*** -0.11244*** -0.09239*** -0.09239*** -0.11407*** -0.11407*** γI IADL -0.29335*** -0.29335*** -0.29123*** -0.29123*** -0.30193*** -0.30193*** -0.30027*** -0.30027*** γIunskilled -0.14165*** -0.14165*** -0.15712*** -0.15712*** -0.13682*** -0.13682*** -0.15261*** -0.15261*** γIprofessional 0.06257*** 0.06257*** 0.06259*** 0.06259*** 0.06126*** 0.06126*** 0.06166*** 0.06166*** Notes: Parameter estimates based on model 3 (see Table 2). Parameters in bold are unconstrained across groups. table5 bot |
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