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The Menu of Choice: Electoral Systems, Party Systems, and Party Policy Alternatives

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Abstract:

The provision of alternative sets of policy options is an essential feature of representative democracy. Yet while recent contributions to the literature have advanced our understanding of the causes and nature of party systems, we know very little about how the key actors in representative democracies—the citizens themselves—think about the menu of policy choice. From the citizens’ perspective, what affects the diversity of policy proposals? Are citizen perceptions of policy choice driven by institutional factors, societal factors, or individual attributes? Do factors which explain actual policy choice also capture variation in mass perceptions of this choice? This paper presents the first cross-national study of perceptions of policy choice. Analyses of macro- and micro-level data from 25 democracies find institutional factors identified by previous research—in particular, electoral rules—matter for the actual dispersion of policy offerings. Incentives provided by institutions, however, have no robust connection to perceptions of policy dispersion. Instead, public perceptions are shaped in large part by biases arising from social heterogeneity and by partisan attachments. By uncovering a disconnect between actual and perceived range of policy offerings, results of this research carry implications for future work on policy responsiveness, political parties’ optimal strategies, and the consequences of electoral rules.

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parti (166), polici (160), choic (96), polit (89), model (79), elector (70), democraci (65), effect (61), system (50), percept (47), institut (45), corrupt (43), countri (42), level (41), dispers (40), rule (38), new (38), proport (34), voter (34), citizen (34), rang (33),
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Name: American Political Science Association
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MLA Citation:

Hellwig, Timothy., Gezgor, Burcu. and Mikulska, Anna. "The Menu of Choice: Electoral Systems, Party Systems, and Party Policy Alternatives" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Hyatt Regency Chicago and the Sheraton Chicago Hotel and Towers, Chicago, IL, Aug 30, 2007 <Not Available>. 2010-03-13 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p209326_index.html>

APA Citation:

Hellwig, T. , Gezgor, B. and Mikulska, A. , 2007-08-30 "The Menu of Choice: Electoral Systems, Party Systems, and Party Policy Alternatives" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Hyatt Regency Chicago and the Sheraton Chicago Hotel and Towers, Chicago, IL Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2010-03-13 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p209326_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: The provision of alternative sets of policy options is an essential feature of representative democracy. Yet while recent contributions to the literature have advanced our understanding of the causes and nature of party systems, we know very little about how the key actors in representative democracies—the citizens themselves—think about the menu of policy choice. From the citizens’ perspective, what affects the diversity of policy proposals? Are citizen perceptions of policy choice driven by institutional factors, societal factors, or individual attributes? Do factors which explain actual policy choice also capture variation in mass perceptions of this choice? This paper presents the first cross-national study of perceptions of policy choice. Analyses of macro- and micro-level data from 25 democracies find institutional factors identified by previous research—in particular, electoral rules—matter for the actual dispersion of policy offerings. Incentives provided by institutions, however, have no robust connection to perceptions of policy dispersion. Instead, public perceptions are shaped in large part by biases arising from social heterogeneity and by partisan attachments. By uncovering a disconnect between actual and perceived range of policy offerings, results of this research carry implications for future work on policy responsiveness, political parties’ optimal strategies, and the consequences of electoral rules.

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Associated Document Available American Political Science Association

Document Type: application/pdf
Page count: 32
Word count: 8850
Text sample:
The Menu of Choice: Electoral Rules Party Systems and Perceptions of Policy Choice Timothy Hellwig Burcu Gezgor Anna Mikulska University of Houston University of Houston University of Houston thellwig@uh.edu Burcu.Gezgor@mail.uh.edu anna_b_m@hotmail.com August 2007 preliminary draft – comments welcome Abstract The provision of alternative sets of policy options is an essential feature of representative democracy. Yet while recent contributions to the literature have advanced our understanding of the causes and nature of party systems we know very little about how
ENLP and Fractionalization on Perceived Policy Choice Perceived Party Choice 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Effective Number of Legislative Parties Old Democracies New Democracies Note: Graph reports expected values on the dependent variable Policy Choice for old and new democracies as ENLP. Lines are produced using estimates from Table 2 Model 2.3. 31


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