Author's Keywords: Virtual humans, race, Blacks, Whites, African Americans, ethnic identity, social identity, self-categorization theory	Convention Convention is an application service for managing large or small academic conferences, annual meetings, and other types of events! Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: International Communication Association URL: http://www.icahdq.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p230040_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Gong, Li., Appiah, Osei. and Elias, Troy. "Race as a Real and Virtual Social Identity: The Moderating Effects of Ethnic Identity on Ingroup Favoritism Toward Real vs. Virtual Human Representations" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, TBA, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, May 21, 2008 <Not Available>. 2009-05-23 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p230040_index.html>

Gong, L. , Appiah, O. and Elias, T. , 2008-05-21 "Race as a Real and Virtual Social Identity: The Moderating Effects of Ethnic Identity on Ingroup Favoritism Toward Real vs. Virtual Human Representations" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, TBA, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2009-05-23 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p230040_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Abstract: Race is an important social identity particularly for understanding communication behaviors of minorities such as Blacks. Ethnic identity is a key moderator for facilitating self categorization at the race level and ingroup favoritism. Growing prevalence of digital virtual humans offers a new venue for comparative analysis of racial processes. Study 1 (N=53) first confirmed the moderating effects of ethnic identity, demonstrating ingroup favoritism among strong ethnic-identity Blacks but not among weak ethnic-identity Blacks. Study 2 (N=64), however, found both strong and weak ethnic identifiers exhibited ingroup favoritism to virtual Black versus White entities. The difference lies in dampened responses to the virtual White entity among weak ethnic identifiers. Prototypicality and ingroup bias are suggested as explanations.

See Minorities through the Lens of Ethnic Identity: Reflected onto Racial Representations of Real Humans and Virtual Humans

Critical Race Theory- Social Construction, Black Identity, and Race Relations in the U.S.

“The Historical Legal Construction of Black Racial Identity of Mixed Black-White Race Individuals: The Role of State Legislatures”