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Avenging Evil: The Politics and Ethics of Revenge in International Relations

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We are commonly enjoined, by Western thought both Christian and secular, and in our personal lives and political conduct, to stay the hand of vengeance, as one recent work on war crimes tribunals has captured the sentiment. Forgiveness, reconciliation and due process are the preferred responses, even to the most heinous of crimes. The desire for revenge and the acts that desire might provoke are widely thought too damaging, not just to its object, but also to the would-be avenger and to the wider social world that they inhabit. This paper considers the merits of an alternative view, one that looks more sympathetically upon vengeance as a way of confronting those evils. It addresses in particular the arguments of Jeffrie Murphy and Robert Solomon, who have grounded their reconsiderations of revenge in what they term moral sentiment theory, derived from the moral philosophies of Adam Smith and David Hume. It argues, following Murphy and Solomon, that there is a case for looking more kindly upon the desire for vengeance, if not perhaps the violent acts that may result from that desire, as the foundation for our sense of justice. In the second part, it considers whether, in the absence of a sovereign power to ensure the punishment of the perpetrators of evils in international society, there is a moral justification for some acts of vengeance. It concentrates in particular upon the arguments for and against the assassination, by states or by individuals, of the perpetrators of especially heinous evils. It concludes with a qualified defence of vengeance as a legitimate response to evil, one that may indeed reinforce rather than undermine the moral fabric of international society.

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reveng (107), moral (58), evil (54), war (51), act (49), vengeanc (48), one (47), justic (47), arendt (41), even (39), respons (37), may (36), would (35), punish (35), argu (34), ibid (33), intern (32), nuclear (31), societi (30), eichmann (27), law (27),
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Name: ISA's 49th ANNUAL CONVENTION, BRIDGING MULTIPLE DIVIDES
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Hall, Ian. "Avenging Evil: The Politics and Ethics of Revenge in International Relations" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the ISA's 49th ANNUAL CONVENTION, BRIDGING MULTIPLE DIVIDES, Hilton San Francisco, SAN FRANCISCO, CA, USA, Mar 26, 2008 <Not Available>. 2009-05-23 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p254316_index.html>

APA Citation:

Hall, I. , 2008-03-26 "Avenging Evil: The Politics and Ethics of Revenge in International Relations" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the ISA's 49th ANNUAL CONVENTION, BRIDGING MULTIPLE DIVIDES, Hilton San Francisco, SAN FRANCISCO, CA, USA Online <PDF>. 2009-05-23 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p254316_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: We are commonly enjoined, by Western thought both Christian and secular, and in our personal lives and political conduct, to stay the hand of vengeance, as one recent work on war crimes tribunals has captured the sentiment. Forgiveness, reconciliation and due process are the preferred responses, even to the most heinous of crimes. The desire for revenge and the acts that desire might provoke are widely thought too damaging, not just to its object, but also to the would-be avenger and to the wider social world that they inhabit. This paper considers the merits of an alternative view, one that looks more sympathetically upon vengeance as a way of confronting those evils. It addresses in particular the arguments of Jeffrie Murphy and Robert Solomon, who have grounded their reconsiderations of revenge in what they term moral sentiment theory, derived from the moral philosophies of Adam Smith and David Hume. It argues, following Murphy and Solomon, that there is a case for looking more kindly upon the desire for vengeance, if not perhaps the violent acts that may result from that desire, as the foundation for our sense of justice. In the second part, it considers whether, in the absence of a sovereign power to ensure the punishment of the perpetrators of evils in international society, there is a moral justification for some acts of vengeance. It concentrates in particular upon the arguments for and against the assassination, by states or by individuals, of the perpetrators of especially heinous evils. It concludes with a qualified defence of vengeance as a legitimate response to evil, one that may indeed reinforce rather than undermine the moral fabric of international society.

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Document Type: PDF
Page count: 41
Word count: 12050
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1 Avenging Evil: A Reconsideration Dr Ian Hall Senior Lecturer School of History and Politics University of Adelaide North Terrace Adelaide SA 5005 Australia Tel: +61 (0) 8303 7645 Email: christopher.i.hall@adelaide.edu.au NOT FOR CITATION Published version forthcoming in Renée Jeffery (ed.) Confronting Evil in International Relations (New York & Basingstoke: Palgrave 2008). 1 2 Avenging Evil: A Reconsideration “Why should wrath be mute and fury dumb?” Aaron in Shakespeare Titus Andronicus. 1 In response to evil we are usually
(accessed 28 August 2007) 115 Martin Wight “Western Values in International Relations ” in Diplomatic Investigations: Essays in the Theory of International Politics ed. Herbert Butterfield and Martin Wight (London: Allen & Unwin 1966) 129. 116 Ibid. 130. 117 Arendt Eichmann 277. 118 Lawrence Douglas “The Saddam Hussein Hanging: A Spectacle of Vengeance ” The Jurist Forum http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/forumy/2007/01/saddam-hussein-hanging-spectacle-of.php (accessed 28 August 2007). 119 The views of the families and the wider context of Middle East violence are discussed in


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