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Rhetorical Studies of Public Memory: Promises and Pitfalls

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Abstract:

The shift from social history to cultural history that occurred in the twentieth century brought many changes into the field of history, one of which was the emergence of a term that had previously been buried in the work of obscure sociologists and ancient theologians: memory. During the 1980s and 1990s, the "history of memory" became an increasingly vast and varied field of inquiry. However, this move toward the study of "memory" as an object was not limited to the discipline of history. Rhetorical scholars have in recent years given their own spin on the term, shifting their gaze to the specifically "public" and "rhetorical" aspects of memory. In the introduction to Framing Public Memory, Kendall Phillips describes two angles from which scholars might approach the subject of public memory: first, the "memory of publics" and, second, the "publicness of memory." The essays in the collection, which fall into one of these two categories, provide rich and instructive examples that sketch the contours of public memory. Likewise, other article- and book-length rhetorical studies of memory examine fascinating objects and texts—everything from cemeteries to documentary films to Cold War oratory. However, very few of these studies include a robust theorization of "public memory" or a sustained articulation of what the concept might mean for those in rhetorical studies. What has made "public memory" such an appealing critical concept in recent years? What have we gained by incorporating the term into our vocabulary? What might the use of the concept of public memory tell us about our own field of study?
In this paper, I suggest answers to some of these questions by examining recent works on "public memory" in the field of rhetorical studies. This examination revealed three critical categories into which rhetorical studies of public memory fall: the first attempts to show how public memory is ensconced in hegemonic historical and memorial discourses, the second searches for the emancipatory potential of subjugated memories, and the third views public memory as a frame for or source of controversy. After charting the basic similarities and differences among these approaches, I argue that rhetorical scholars should further develop the connection between the concept of public memory and other concepts central to rhetorical studies. By way of example, I develop my own brief interpretation of the relationship between public memory and rhetorical agency.
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Name: NCA 94th Annual Convention
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MLA Citation:

VanderHaagen, Sara. "Rhetorical Studies of Public Memory: Promises and Pitfalls" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the NCA 94th Annual Convention, TBA, San Diego, CA, <Not Available>. 2009-10-27 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p255422_index.html>

APA Citation:

VanderHaagen, S. "Rhetorical Studies of Public Memory: Promises and Pitfalls" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the NCA 94th Annual Convention, TBA, San Diego, CA <Not Available>. 2009-10-27 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p255422_index.html

Publication Type: Invited Paper
Abstract: The shift from social history to cultural history that occurred in the twentieth century brought many changes into the field of history, one of which was the emergence of a term that had previously been buried in the work of obscure sociologists and ancient theologians: memory. During the 1980s and 1990s, the "history of memory" became an increasingly vast and varied field of inquiry. However, this move toward the study of "memory" as an object was not limited to the discipline of history. Rhetorical scholars have in recent years given their own spin on the term, shifting their gaze to the specifically "public" and "rhetorical" aspects of memory. In the introduction to Framing Public Memory, Kendall Phillips describes two angles from which scholars might approach the subject of public memory: first, the "memory of publics" and, second, the "publicness of memory." The essays in the collection, which fall into one of these two categories, provide rich and instructive examples that sketch the contours of public memory. Likewise, other article- and book-length rhetorical studies of memory examine fascinating objects and texts—everything from cemeteries to documentary films to Cold War oratory. However, very few of these studies include a robust theorization of "public memory" or a sustained articulation of what the concept might mean for those in rhetorical studies. What has made "public memory" such an appealing critical concept in recent years? What have we gained by incorporating the term into our vocabulary? What might the use of the concept of public memory tell us about our own field of study?
In this paper, I suggest answers to some of these questions by examining recent works on "public memory" in the field of rhetorical studies. This examination revealed three critical categories into which rhetorical studies of public memory fall: the first attempts to show how public memory is ensconced in hegemonic historical and memorial discourses, the second searches for the emancipatory potential of subjugated memories, and the third views public memory as a frame for or source of controversy. After charting the basic similarities and differences among these approaches, I argue that rhetorical scholars should further develop the connection between the concept of public memory and other concepts central to rhetorical studies. By way of example, I develop my own brief interpretation of the relationship between public memory and rhetorical agency.

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