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The Structure of Political Cognition:An Experimental Study of a Chemistry Problem, Causal Attribution, Social Identity and Political Communication

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Abstract:

Most of research on political reasoning has been informed by the work on social cognition. A small number of political psychologists have explored the same subject, political cognition, but have done so in a way that is informed by developmental psychology. For the most part, the relationship between these two approaches remains unaddressed. In the present paper, we clarify the nature of the differences between these two approaches and then present research that examines the relevance of the developmental approach to the more popular social psychological alternative. The hypothesis tested is that individual differences in the general structure of people’s political cognition affect their performance on more typical socio-cognitive studies of political information processing. In a manner consistent with developmental research, subjects participate in a “clinical” experiment to test their problem definition and solving strategies. This is used to assess possible individual differences in the structure of their thinking. Subjects then participate in three classic social cognition experiments, one drawn from work on cognitive dissonance, one from attribution theory and one from schema theory, that have oriented much of the political cognition research. They also respond to standard survey measures of ethnic and partisan identification. Using standard ANOVA techniques, subjects’ performances on these social psychological experiments and survey instruments was analyzed to determine if the cognitive structural differences identified in the developmentally oriented research predict to differences in performance of the socio-cognitive tasks. The results suggest that they do. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of this research for the study of political reasoning and cognition.

Author's Keywords:

Ideology, Political Cognition, Attribution, Identity, Communication
Convention
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Association:
Name: ISPP 31st Annual Scientific Meeting
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http://ispp.org


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MLA Citation:

Rosenberg, Shawn. and Wrigley, Ted. "The Structure of Political Cognition:An Experimental Study of a Chemistry Problem, Causal Attribution, Social Identity and Political Communication" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the ISPP 31st Annual Scientific Meeting, Sciences Po, Paris, France, Jul 09, 2008 <Not Available>. 2010-03-12 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p256313_index.html>

APA Citation:

Rosenberg, S. and Wrigley, T. , 2008-07-09 "The Structure of Political Cognition:An Experimental Study of a Chemistry Problem, Causal Attribution, Social Identity and Political Communication" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the ISPP 31st Annual Scientific Meeting, Sciences Po, Paris, France <Not Available>. 2010-03-12 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p256313_index.html

Publication Type: Paper (prepared oral presentation)
Abstract: Most of research on political reasoning has been informed by the work on social cognition. A small number of political psychologists have explored the same subject, political cognition, but have done so in a way that is informed by developmental psychology. For the most part, the relationship between these two approaches remains unaddressed. In the present paper, we clarify the nature of the differences between these two approaches and then present research that examines the relevance of the developmental approach to the more popular social psychological alternative. The hypothesis tested is that individual differences in the general structure of people’s political cognition affect their performance on more typical socio-cognitive studies of political information processing. In a manner consistent with developmental research, subjects participate in a “clinical” experiment to test their problem definition and solving strategies. This is used to assess possible individual differences in the structure of their thinking. Subjects then participate in three classic social cognition experiments, one drawn from work on cognitive dissonance, one from attribution theory and one from schema theory, that have oriented much of the political cognition research. They also respond to standard survey measures of ethnic and partisan identification. Using standard ANOVA techniques, subjects’ performances on these social psychological experiments and survey instruments was analyzed to determine if the cognitive structural differences identified in the developmentally oriented research predict to differences in performance of the socio-cognitive tasks. The results suggest that they do. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of this research for the study of political reasoning and cognition.

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