Author's Keywords: State Legislatures, Voter Turnout, Legislative Professionalism	Convention All Academic Convention can solve the abstract management needs for any association's annual meeting. Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: WPSA ANNUAL MEETING "Ideas, Interests and Institutions" URL: http://www.csus.edu/ORG/WPSA/
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p317566_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Kuhlmann, Robynn. "Representational Access Points and Short-Term Electoral Forces, State Legislative Characteristics, Competitive Elections, and Voter Turnout" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the WPSA ANNUAL MEETING "Ideas, Interests and Institutions", Hyatt Regency Vancouver, BC Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada, Mar 19, 2009 <Not Available>. 2009-11-09 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p317566_index.html>

Kuhlmann, R. , 2009-03-19 "Representational Access Points and Short-Term Electoral Forces, State Legislative Characteristics, Competitive Elections, and Voter Turnout" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the WPSA ANNUAL MEETING "Ideas, Interests and Institutions", Hyatt Regency Vancouver, BC Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada Online <PDF>. 2009-11-09 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p317566_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: This research expands upon prior examinations on the effects of institutions on political participation and focuses specifically on two particular features of state legislative branches – the ratio of state legislators to citizens and state legislative professionalism. I theorize that legislator to citizens ratios increase the probability of contact and access to representatives, which could engender positive feelings of efficacy, ease the costs of participation, and serve as cues to participate in politics. This examination also seeks to resolve findings on state legislative professionalism that contradicts prior work on voting behavior. It is also tested if states with moderate levels of legislative professionalism combined with competitive elections will be a significant positive predictor of voter turnout at the state-level. I find that state legislative to citizen ratios significantly increase voter turnout at the state-level by an average of 1.7 percent, and while high levels of state legislative professionalism decreases voter turnout, moderate levels combined with competitive elections also increases voter turnout. These findings help expand upon prior research which illustrates that political activities, indeed, are in part, dependent upon state institutional characteristics.

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State-Level Barriers to Participation: Voter Interest, Electoral Competitiveness and Participation